Apt
嘗試在 Kali Linux 中安裝軟體包時出錯
過去幾天我在使用 gnuplot 軟體包時遇到了這個問題。
首先，我執行
dpkg --configure -a，這是輸出：Processing triggers for tex-common (6.09) ... Running mktexlsr. This may take some time... done. dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of gnuplot-qt: gnuplot-qt depends on gnuplot-data (= 5.2.0+dfsg1-2); however: Package gnuplot-data is not installed. dpkg: error processing package gnuplot-qt (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of gnuplot: gnuplot depends on gnuplot-qt | gnuplot-x11 | gnuplot-nox; however: Package gnuplot-qt is not configured yet. Package gnuplot-x11 is not installed. Package gnuplot-nox is not installed. Package gnuplot-qt which provides gnuplot-nox is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package gnuplot (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: gnuplot-qt gnuplot之後我嘗試
apt-get update && apt-get upgrade：Hit:1 http://ftp.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/linux/kali/kali kali-rolling InRelease Reading package lists... Done Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies: gnuplot-qt : Depends: gnuplot-data (= 5.2.0+dfsg1-2) but it is not installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).最後
apt --fix-broken install：Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: castxml espeak-data firebird2.5-common firebird2.5-common-doc gccxml gdebi-core gnome-icon-theme-symbolic gnome-mime-data gnupg-agent gnuplot-tex gnuplot5-data gnuplot5-qt imagemagick-common iproute libasn1-8-heimdal libbind9-90 libblas-common libbonobo2-0 libbonobo2-common libboost-filesystem1.58.0 libboost-python1.58.0 libboost-system1.58.0 libboost-thread1.58.0 libcamel-1.2-54 libclutter-gst-2.0-0 libcrypto++6 libcrypto++9v5 libdbus-1-dev libdns100 libebook-1.2-16 libedataserver-1.2-21 libemu2 libespeak1 libevent-core-2.0-5 libevent-openssl-2.0-5 libevent-pthreads-2.0-5 libgdict-1.0-9 libgdict-common libgeos-3.5.0 libgfortran3 libgif4 libglew1.13 libgmime-2.6-0 libgnome-2-0 libgnome2-common libgnomevfs2-0 libgnomevfs2-common libgnomevfs2-extra libgrilo-0.2-1 libgssapi3-heimdal libgtop-2.0-10 libhcrypto4-heimdal libhdb9-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhunspell-1.3-0 libhx509-5-heimdal libical1a libilmbase6v5 libisc95 libisccc90 libisccfg90 libjasper1 libjavascriptcoregtk-3.0-0 libjim0.76 libjpeg9 libjs-mochikit libkdc2-heimdal libkrb5-26-heimdal libllvm3.7 liblouis9 liblua5.1-0 liblwres90 libnm-glib-vpn1 libnm-gtk-common libntdb1 libopenexr6v5 liborbit-2-0 libpango1.0-0 libpangox-1.0-0 libpoppler57 libpth20 libpython3.4-minimal libpython3.4-stdlib libpython3.5 libpython3.5-minimal libpython3.5-stdlib libqgsttools-p1 libqmi-glib1 libqt5multimedia5-plugins libqt5multimediawidgets5 libquvi-scripts libquvi7 libradare2-0.9.9 libregfi0 libroken18-heimdal libtracker-control-1.0-0 libtracker-miner-1.0-0 libtracker-sparql-1.0-0 libtrio2 libunistring0 liburcu4 libusbmuxd2 libva-x11-1 libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 libwebpdemux1 libwebpmux1 libwebrtc-audio-processing-0 libwind0-heimdal libwireshark6 libwiretap5 libwsutil6 libzip2 python-alembic python-boltons python-characteristic python-cheetah python-ctypeslib python-dap python-dbus-dev python-distlib python-ecdsa python-editor python-formencode python-geoip2 python-geojson python-icalendar python-ipaddr python-lzma python-lzo python-maxminddb python-mpltoolkits.basemap python-ntdb python-opengl python-openid python-paste python-pastedeploy python-pastedeploy-tpl python-pastescript python-pyatspi python-pycryptopp python-pylibemu python-pyotp python-pyqtgraph python-qt4-gl python-scgi python-smoke-zephyr python-tempita python-tidylib python-tzlocal python3.4 python3.4-minimal ruby-rainbow ruby-rexec ruby2.2-dev Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them. The following additional packages will be installed: gnuplot-data The following NEW packages will be installed: gnuplot-data 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded. 2 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 166 kB of archives. After this operation, 416 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y Get:1 http://ftp.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/linux/kali/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 gnuplot-data all 5.2.0+dfsg1-2 [166 kB] Fetched 166 kB in 1s (99.8 kB/s) (Reading database ... 351586 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../gnuplot-data_5.2.0+dfsg1-2_all.deb ... Unpacking gnuplot-data (5.2.0+dfsg1-2) ... dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/gnuplot-data_5.2.0+dfsg1-2_all.deb (--unpack): trying to overwrite '/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/gnuplot/gnuplot-lua-tikz-common.tex', which is also in package gnuplot-tex 4.6.6-3 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/gnuplot-data_5.2.0+dfsg1-2_all.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
apt autoremove並apt-get -f install以相同的 gnuplot-data 問題結束。輸出
sudo apt purge gnuplot{,-qt,-data,-tex}：Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Package 'gnuplot-data' is not installed, so not removed You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies: gnuplot5-data : Depends: gnuplot-tex but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).和輸出
sudo apt install gnuplot：Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done gnuplot is already the newest version (5.2.0+dfsg1-2). gnuplot set to manually installed. You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies: gnuplot-qt : Depends: gnuplot-data (= 5.2.0+dfsg1-2) but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).似乎什麼也沒做，所以我嘗試了
sudo apt purge gnuplot{,-qt,-data,-tex} gnuplot5{,-qt,-data}，因為我沒有 gnuplot5-tex：Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Package 'gnuplot5' is not installed, so not removed Package 'gnuplot-data' is not installed, so not removed The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: aglfn castxml espeak-data firebird2.5-common firebird2.5-common-doc gccxml gdebi-core gnome-icon-theme-symbolic gnome-mime-data gnupg-agent imagemagick-common iproute libasn1-8-heimdal libbind9-90 libblas-common libbonobo2-0 libbonobo2-common libboost-filesystem1.58.0 libboost-python1.58.0 libboost-system1.58.0 libboost-thread1.58.0 libcamel-1.2-54 libclutter-gst-2.0-0 libcrypto++6 libcrypto++9v5 libdbus-1-dev libdns100 libebook-1.2-16 libedataserver-1.2-21 libemu2 libespeak1 libevent-core-2.0-5 libevent-openssl-2.0-5 libevent-pthreads-2.0-5 libgdict-1.0-9 libgdict-common libgeos-3.5.0 libgfortran3 libgif4 libglew1.13 libgmime-2.6-0 libgnome-2-0 libgnome2-common libgnomevfs2-0 libgnomevfs2-common libgnomevfs2-extra libgrilo-0.2-1 libgssapi3-heimdal libgtop-2.0-10 libhcrypto4-heimdal libhdb9-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhunspell-1.3-0 libhx509-5-heimdal libical1a libilmbase6v5 libisc95 libisccc90 libisccfg90 libjasper1 libjavascriptcoregtk-3.0-0 libjim0.76 libjpeg9 libjs-mochikit libkdc2-heimdal libkrb5-26-heimdal libllvm3.7 liblouis9 liblua5.1-0 liblwres90 libnm-glib-vpn1 libnm-gtk-common libntdb1 libopenexr6v5 liborbit-2-0 libpango1.0-0 libpangox-1.0-0 libpoppler57 libpth20 libpython3.4-minimal libpython3.4-stdlib libpython3.5 libpython3.5-minimal libpython3.5-stdlib libqgsttools-p1 libqmi-glib1 libqt5multimedia5-plugins libqt5multimediawidgets5 libquvi-scripts libquvi7 libradare2-0.9.9 libregfi0 libroken18-heimdal libtracker-control-1.0-0 libtracker-miner-1.0-0 libtracker-sparql-1.0-0 libtrio2 libunistring0 liburcu4 libusbmuxd2 libva-x11-1 libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 libwebpdemux1 libwebpmux1 libwebrtc-audio-processing-0 libwind0-heimdal libwireshark6 libwiretap5 libwsutil6 libzip2 python-alembic python-boltons python-characteristic python-cheetah python-ctypeslib python-dap python-dbus-dev python-distlib python-ecdsa python-editor python-formencode python-geoip2 python-geojson python-icalendar python-ipaddr python-lzma python-lzo python-maxminddb python-mpltoolkits.basemap python-ntdb python-opengl python-openid python-paste python-pastedeploy python-pastedeploy-tpl python-pastescript python-pyatspi python-pycryptopp python-pylibemu python-pyotp python-pyqtgraph python-qt4-gl python-scgi python-smoke-zephyr python-tempita python-tidylib python-tzlocal python3.4 python3.4-minimal ruby-rainbow ruby-rexec ruby2.2-dev Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following packages will be REMOVED: gnuplot* gnuplot-qt* gnuplot-tex* gnuplot5-data* gnuplot5-qt* 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 5 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 10 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 6,452 kB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y (Reading database ... 352000 files and directories currently installed.) Removing gnuplot (5.2.0+dfsg1-2) ... Removing gnuplot-qt (5.2.0+dfsg1-2) ... Removing gnuplot5-qt (5.0.2+dfsg1-1) ... Removing gnuplot5-data (5.0.2+dfsg1-1) ... Removing gnuplot-tex (4.6.6-3) ... Processing triggers for tex-common (6.09) ... Running mktexlsr. This may take some time... done. Setting up exploitdb (20171114-0kali1) ... Processing triggers for menu (2.1.47+b1) ... Setting up aptitude-common (0.8.9-1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.24-17) ... Setting up libio-string-perl (1.08-3) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ... Setting up libcwidget3v5:amd64 (0.5.17-6) ... Setting up aptitude-doc-en (0.8.9-1) ... Setting up libclass-accessor-perl (0.51-1) ... Setting up aptitude (0.8.9-1) ... update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/aptitude-curses to provide /usr/bin/aptitude (aptitude) in auto mode Setting up libparse-debianchangelog-perl (1.2.0-12) ... (Reading database ... 351903 files and directories currently installed.) Purging configuration files for gnuplot5-qt (5.0.2+dfsg1-1) ... Processing triggers for menu (2.1.47+b1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.24-17) ...它可能刪除了所有與 gnuplot 相關的內容。將重新啟動並執行它
sudo apt install gnuplot。
哇，你有一個導致問題的舊包。
gnuplot-tex刪除：sudo apt purge gnuplot-tex一切都應該恢復正常。如果由於缺少上述內容而無法正常工作，請在安裝時
gnuplot-data使用以下內容來刪除：gnuplot-tex``gnuplot-datasudo aptitude install gnuplot-tex_ gnuplot-data（即使命令是，
_也要aptitude清除）。gnuplot-tex``install由於
aptitude’ 不起作用，您可以刪除有問題的軟體包並重新安裝它們：sudo apt purge gnuplot{,-qt,-data,-tex} sudo apt install gnuplot