更改 csv 文件中的位置運算符

我一直在編輯一個 CSV 文件，所以我可以將它導入 postgres。此時我想在值為負“-”時將運算符從第5列更改為列的左側。當它是“+”時，我想刪除運算符。

目前 CSV：

10013534,2021-01-01,I,0090922002,000000000009102629+,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-,
10013534,2021-01-01,I,0091000002,000000000063288833-,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-,
10013534,2021-01-01,I,0091100005,000000000063288833-,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-,
10013534,2021-01-01,I,0091110002,000000000063288833+,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-,
10013534,2021-01-01,I,0099999995,000000008017897139-,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-,

它應該怎麼看

10013534,2021-01-01,I,0090922002,000000000009102629,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-,
10013534,2021-01-01,I,0091000002,-000000000063288833,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-,
10013534,2021-01-01,I,0091100005,-000000000063288833,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-,
10013534,2021-01-01,I,0091110002,000000000063288833,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-,
10013534,2021-01-01,I,0099999995,-000000008017897139,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-,

如有必要，可以刪除第 6 列和第 7 列

像這樣的東西：

awk -F "," '{sign=substr($5,length($5),1);$5=substr($5,0,length($5)-1); if(sign =="-"){$5="-"$5}; print}' ./mycsv

你可能想試試

function movesign (TMP) {IX  = sub (/\+$/, "&", TMP)       # create increment based on sign, so
                                                          # to drop the plus signs
                        return substr (TMP TMP, length(TMP) + IX, length(TMP) - IX)
                                                          # by writing the string twice, and chop-
                                                          # ping it off at the right position with
                                                          # the right length, we get the desired result
                       }                       

/^#/    {pfx = substr($0, 8, 7) OFS substr($0, 32, 4) "-" substr($0, 30, 2) "-01" OFS substr($0, 36) 
                                                          # prepare prefix from header lines
        sub (/ *$/, "", pfx)                              # trim trailing spaces
        next
       }
/^@/    {next
       }

       {gsub(/[+-]/, "&,")                                # massage the input line into the right shape
         sub(/[, ]*$/, "")
        gsub(/  */, ",")

        $1 = pfx OFS $1                                   # prepend the prefix
        $0 = $0                                           # and recalculate the fields

        $5 = movesign($5)                                 # use function to taste
#        $6 = movesign($6)
#        $7 = movesign($7)
       }
1
' OFS=, *.csv

它竊取了您迄今為止獲得的答案，但.csv在您的cwd. 查看邏輯的評論，如果出現問題，請回來。

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/683379