Boot
正常關機後開機過慢，但強制關機後沒有
*注意：*我已經在 Ask Ubuntu 上發布了這個，但被告知論壇只針對與真正的 Ubuntu 相關的問題。有人建議我在這裡發帖，所以我把問題移到這裡。
我已經在我的老 Thinkpad T43p 上安裝了 Zorin-OS Education Lite 32bit。該發行版基於 Ubuntu，圖形界面使用 xfce 和 lightdm。
最初，/、swap、/var、/var/log 和 /home 的單獨分區位於 HDD 上。然後我決定在 HDD 之外添加一個小型 (32G) SSD（T43p 支持兩個儲存設備）以希望加快系統速度。我將根分區移動到 SSD 並將所有其他分區留在 HDD 上。只有硬碟上的東西發生了變化：舊的根分區被刪除，交換分區被刪除/創建（太小了）。基本上，取得了巨大的成功。有趣的是系統現在工作的速度有多快。
然而，在某一時刻，出現了一個頑皮的問題（我無法確切知道這是什麼時候開始的）：
- 當我關閉系統，然後再次打開它時，啟動過程非常緩慢。大約 4-5 分鐘後，系統啟動並按預期工作。此過程中不顯示 grub 菜單，這是預期的行為。
- 當我在啟動時間過長的情況下強制關閉電源（按住電源按鈕），然後重新啟動系統，它很快就會出現並顯示 grub 菜單。從啟動菜單中選擇正常的“Zorin OS”，系統會在不到一分鐘的時間內啟動並執行。（我懷疑 grub 菜單是 show，因為系統沒有完全關閉，對吧？）
我比較了兩個引導的引導日誌 (dmesg)，發現了一些差異。解釋這些超出了我對引導過程的了解。希望其中一個或另一個差異會敲響一些知識淵博的靈魂的鐘聲。
為了找出不同之處，我在消息的開頭加上了時間戳，按詞法排序，然後將它們輸入到一個comarison工具中。結果如下（“delayed->”為延遲開機，“normal->”為強制關機後快速開機）
delayed -> .data : 0xdd9b5c60 - 0xdde8eb40 (4963 kB) .init : 0xddea6000 - 0xddfc8000 (1160 kB) .text : 0xdd000000 - 0xdd9b5c60 (9943 kB) normal -> .data : 0xd49b5c60 - 0xd4e8eb40 (4963 kB) .init : 0xd4ea6000 - 0xd4fc8000 (1160 kB) .text : 0xd4000000 - 0xd49b5c60 (9943 kB) --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> Console: colour dummy device 80x25 normal -> Console: colour VGA+ 80x25 Console: switching to colour dummy device 80x25 Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 175x65 --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-54-generic root=UUID=d50a32c6-34b0-11eb-a9eb-7111d485222b ro initrd=/casper/initrd.lz4 quiet splash vt.handoff=1 normal -> Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-54-generic root=UUID=d50a32c6-34b0-11eb-a9eb-7111d485222b ro initrd=/casper/initrd.lz4 quiet splash --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> Memory: 1995804K/2095608K available (9943K kernel code, 938K rwdata, 3992K rodata, 1160K init, 836K bss, 99804K reserved, 0K cma-reserved, 1188744K highmem) normal -> Memory: 1996092K/2095608K available (9943K kernel code, 938K rwdata, 3992K rodata, 1160K init, 836K bss, 99516K reserved, 0K cma-reserved, 1188744K highmem) --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> [TTM] Zone kernel: Available graphics memory: 434278 KiB [TTM] Zone highmem: Available graphics memory: 1028650 KiB normal -> [TTM] Zone kernel: Available graphics memory: 434422 KiB [TTM] Zone highmem: Available graphics memory: 1028794 KiB --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> checking generic (c0000000 5a0000) vs hw (c0000000 8000000) --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> clocksource: tsc-early: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1eae0a205f2, max_idle_ns: 440795277977 ns normal -> clocksource: tsc-early: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1ead52fe7de, max_idle_ns: 440795275707 ns --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> fb0: VESA VGA frame buffer device fb0: switching to radeondrmfb from VESA VGA fbcon: Deferring console take-over fbcon: Deferring console take-over --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-0x1e5fffff] normal -> initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-0x155fffff] --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> rtc_cmos 00:02: setting system clock to 2020-12-04T13:04:12 UTC (1607087052) normal -> rtc_cmos 00:02: setting system clock to 2020-12-04T13:22:52 UTC (1607088172) --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> smpboot: Total of 1 processors activated (4256.82 BogoMIPS) normal -> smpboot: Total of 1 processors activated (4256.44 BogoMIPS) --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> systemd-journald[299]: Received request to flush runtime journal from PID 1 normal -> systemd-journald[298]: File /var/log/journal/bd8e491d3fd246aba6861a6970e39e0d/system.journal corrupted or uncleanly shut down, renaming and replacing. systemd-journald[298]: Received request to flush runtime journal from PID 1 --------------------------------------------------------------------- normal -> systemd[1]: Created slice system-postfix.slice. --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket. systemd[1]: Mounting Huge Pages File System... systemd[1]: Reached target User and Group Name Lookups. normal -> systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Audit Socket. systemd[1]: Listening on Syslog Socket. --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> tsc: Detected 2128.414 MHz processor tsc: Fast TSC calibration using PIT normal -> tsc: Detected 2128.220 MHz processor tsc: Fast TSC calibration failed --------------------------------------------------------------------- normal -> tsc: PIT calibration matches PMTIMER. 1 loops --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> vesafb: Truecolor: size=0:8:8:8, shift=0:16:8:0 vesafb: framebuffer at 0xc0000000, mapped to 0x(ptrval), using 5760k, total 5760k vesafb: mode is 1400x1050x32, linelength=5600, pages=0 vesafb: scrolling: redraw --------------------------------------------------------------------- delayed -> vt handoff: transparent VT on vt#1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------延遲啟動的啟動日誌的最後部分如下所示：
[ 15.216737] audit: type=1400 audit(1607087065.208:11): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/bin/evince-previewer//sanitized_helper" pid=676 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 174.735613] thinkpad_ec: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel. [ 174.735783] thinkpad_ec: module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing - tainting kernel [ 174.740215] thinkpad_ec: thinkpad_ec 0.42 loaded. [ 174.741379] tp_smapi 0.42 loading... [ 174.743033] tp_smapi successfully loaded (smapi_port=0xb2). [ 174.767561] thinkpad_acpi: acpi_evalf(BCTG, dd, ...) failed: AE_NOT_FOUND [ 174.767572] ACPI: \_SB_.PCI0.LPC_.EC__.HKEY: BCTG: evaluate failed [ 174.812330] thinkpad_acpi: acpi_evalf(BCTG, dd, ...) failed: AE_NOT_FOUND [ 174.812341] ACPI: \_SB_.PCI0.LPC_.EC__.HKEY: BCTG: evaluate failed [ 195.615652] lib80211_crypt: registered algorithm 'CCMP' [ 195.673147] lib80211_crypt: registered algorithm 'TKIP' [ 195.689827] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlp11s2: link becomes ready [ 211.880332] ipw2200: Firmware error detected. Restarting.正常速度啟動的是：
[ 14.430665] audit: type=1400 audit(1607088184.628:11): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/bin/evince-previewer//sanitized_helper" pid=693 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 25.976615] thinkpad_ec: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel. [ 25.976668] thinkpad_ec: module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing - tainting kernel [ 25.981152] thinkpad_ec: thinkpad_ec 0.42 loaded. [ 25.981993] tp_smapi 0.42 loading... [ 25.983999] tp_smapi successfully loaded (smapi_port=0xb2). [ 26.011674] thinkpad_acpi: acpi_evalf(BCTG, dd, ...) failed: AE_NOT_FOUND [ 26.011683] ACPI: \_SB_.PCI0.LPC_.EC__.HKEY: BCTG: evaluate failed [ 26.054491] thinkpad_acpi: acpi_evalf(BCTG, dd, ...) failed: AE_NOT_FOUND [ 26.054503] ACPI: \_SB_.PCI0.LPC_.EC__.HKEY: BCTG: evaluate failed [ 121.255499] ipw2200: Firmware error detected. Restarting. [ 137.612515] lib80211_crypt: registered algorithm 'CCMP' [ 137.738593] lib80211_crypt: registered algorithm 'TKIP' [ 137.784727] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlp11s2: link becomes readyipw2200消息之前的一些延遲是由於我在顯示 grub 菜單時必須按Enter鍵。
我注意到核心是用一個額外的參數啟動的：
vt.handoff=1當啟動過程被延遲時。還有一些與影片、syslogd 和其他一些相關的差異。有什麼提示接下來要看什麼嗎？TIA
2020 年 12 月 10 日更新我已決定重新開始，並且不會再在此執行緒中關注此問題。
在開始這個問題之前我已經安裝了兩次系統，我認為每次安裝後都會出現問題。目前，我擔心某些軟體更新 - 像往常一樣從 DVD 安裝後，有很多 - 會導致問題。因此，我決定進行全新安裝，但不會立即進行一般更新。希望逐步更新找到原因。沒關係，感謝您的時間。
重新安裝後，我沒有升級任何軟體包，除了 Firefox 的軟體包（似乎是無風險的）。接下來，我安裝了來自linrunner
tlp儲存庫的 1.3 版軟體包，以及. 瞧，在兩次重新啟動後，啟動過程顯示了過多的延遲。我解除安裝了 V1.3 並安裝了官方的 Ubuntu 1.1 版，但行為相同。我也只解除安裝了，但這也無濟於事。tp-smapi-dkms``tlp``tp-smapi-dkms在執行Zoin-OS Education Lite 32bit 的
tlpThinkpad T43p上，肯定會導致問題。糟糕的是，我希望
tlp這對這台機器的電源管理有所幫助。我不知道開箱即用的核心和 Zorin-OS 的電源管理有多好。將嘗試找到有關此的一些資訊。無論如何，問題解決了。