Centos
在 centos8 x86_64 上使用 grub2-mkconfig 2.03 引導至 Xen
Linux localhost.localdomain 4.18.0-394.el8.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue May 31 16:19:11 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux grub2-mkconfig (GRUB) 2.03在我的centos8上，我已經安裝了
centos-release-openstack-xena.noarch但我無法啟動 Xen，請幫忙。
理論上，安裝 Xen 後，我應該只執行
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/centos/grub.cfg因為我
/etc/grub.d有一個 linux_xen 文件和大量掛在那裡的文件：[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/grub.d/ 00_header 01_users 10_linux 11_linux_xen 20_linux_xen 30_os-prober 35_fwupd 41_custom 00_tuned 08_fallback_counting 10_reset_boot_success 12_menu_auto_hide 20_ppc_terminfo 30_uefi-firmware 40_custom README（
11_linux_xen是我創建的指向的符號連結20_linux_xen）不幸的是，
grub.cfg該部分將沒有任何linux_xen內容。我在文件中添加了
echo << EOF和，但我遇到了一些錯誤，但我想知道調試這種複雜性是否是最好的方法，或者我是否可以做一些更簡單的事情。EOF``linux_xen
/etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen文件內容：#! /bin/sh set -e # grub-mkconfig helper script. # Copyright (C) 2006,2007,2008,2009,2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # # GRUB is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # GRUB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with GRUB. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. cat << EOF prefix="/usr" exec_prefix="/usr" datarootdir="/usr/share" . "$pkgdatadir/grub-mkconfig_lib" export TEXTDOMAIN=grub export TEXTDOMAINDIR="${datarootdir}/locale" CLASS="--class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --class xen" if [ "x${GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR}" = "x" ] ; then OS="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)" else OS="${GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR}" CLASS="--class $(echo ${GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR} | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z' | cut -d' ' -f1|LC_ALL=C sed 's,[^[:alnum:]_],_,g') ${CLASS}" fi # loop-AES arranges things so that /dev/loop/X can be our root device, but # the initrds that Linux uses don't like that. case ${GRUB_DEVICE} in /dev/loop/*|/dev/loop[0-9]) GRUB_DEVICE=`losetup ${GRUB_DEVICE} | sed -e "s/^[^(]*(\([^)]\+\)).*/\1/"` ;; esac # Default to disabling partition uuid support to maintian compatibility with # older kernels. GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_PARTUUID=${GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_PARTUUID-true} # btrfs may reside on multiple devices. We cannot pass them as value of root= parameter # and mounting btrfs requires user space scanning, so force UUID in this case. if ( [ "x${GRUB_DEVICE_UUID}" = "x" ] && [ "x${GRUB_DEVICE_PARTUUID}" = "x" ] ) \ || ( [ "x${GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID}" = "xtrue" ] \ && [ "x${GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_PARTUUID}" = "xtrue" ] ) \ || ( ! test -e "/dev/disk/by-uuid/${GRUB_DEVICE_UUID}" \ && ! test -e "/dev/disk/by-partuuid/${GRUB_DEVICE_PARTUUID}" ) \ || ( test -e "${GRUB_DEVICE}" && uses_abstraction "${GRUB_DEVICE}" lvm ); then LINUX_ROOT_DEVICE=${GRUB_DEVICE} elif [ "x${GRUB_DEVICE_UUID}" = "x" ] \ || [ "x${GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID}" = "xtrue" ]; then LINUX_ROOT_DEVICE=PARTUUID=${GRUB_DEVICE_PARTUUID} else LINUX_ROOT_DEVICE=UUID=${GRUB_DEVICE_UUID} fi # Allow overriding GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX and GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT. if [ "${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_XEN_REPLACE}" ]; then GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_XEN_REPLACE}" fi if [ "${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_XEN_REPLACE_DEFAULT}" ]; then GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_XEN_REPLACE_DEFAULT}" fi case x"$GRUB_FS" in xbtrfs) if [ "x${SUSE_BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_BOOTING}" = "xtrue" ]; then GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX} \${extra_cmdline}" else rootsubvol="`make_system_path_relative_to_its_root /`" rootsubvol="${rootsubvol#/}" if [ "x${rootsubvol}" != x ]; then GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rootflags=subvol=${rootsubvol} ${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX}" fi fi;; xzfs) rpool=`${grub_probe} --device ${GRUB_DEVICE} --target=fs_label 2>/dev/null || true` bootfs="`make_system_path_relative_to_its_root / | sed -e "s,@$,,"`" LINUX_ROOT_DEVICE="ZFS=${rpool}${bootfs}" ;; esac title_correction_code= linux_entry () { os="$1" version="$2" xen_version="$3" type="$4" args="$5" xen_args="$6" if [ -z "$boot_device_id" ]; then boot_device_id="$(grub_get_device_id "${GRUB_DEVICE}")" fi if [ x$type != xsimple ] ; then if [ x$type = xrecovery ] ; then title="$(gettext_printf "%s, with Xen %s and Linux %s (recovery mode)" "${os}" "${xen_version}" "${version}")" else title="$(gettext_printf "%s, with Xen %s and Linux %s" "${os}" "${xen_version}" "${version}")" fi replacement_title="$(echo "Advanced options for ${OS}" | sed 's,>,>>,g')>$(echo "$title" | sed 's,>,>>,g')" if [ x"Xen ${xen_version}>$title" = x"$GRUB_ACTUAL_DEFAULT" ]; then quoted="$(echo "$GRUB_ACTUAL_DEFAULT" | grub_quote)" title_correction_code="${title_correction_code}if [ \"x\$default\" = '$quoted' ]; then default='$(echo "$replacement_title" | grub_quote)'; fi;" grub_warn "$(gettext_printf "Please don't use old title \`%s' for GRUB_DEFAULT, use \`%s' (for versions before 2.00) or \`%s' (for 2.00 or later)" "$GRUB_ACTUAL_DEFAULT" "$replacement_title" "gnulinux-advanced-$boot_device_id>gnulinux-$version-$type-$boot_device_id")" fi echo "menuentry '$(echo "$title" | grub_quote)' ${CLASS} \$menuentry_id_option 'xen-gnulinux-$version-$type-$boot_device_id' {" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/" else title="$(gettext_printf "%s, with Xen hypervisor" "${os}")" echo "menuentry '$(echo "$title" | grub_quote)' ${CLASS} \$menuentry_id_option 'xen-gnulinux-simple-$boot_device_id' {" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/" fi if [ x$type != xrecovery ] ; then save_default_entry | grub_add_tab | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/" fi if [ -z "${prepare_boot_cache}" ]; then prepare_boot_cache="$(prepare_grub_to_access_device ${GRUB_DEVICE_BOOT} | grub_add_tab)" fi printf '%s\n' "${prepare_boot_cache}" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/" xmessage="$(gettext_printf "Loading Xen %s ..." ${xen_version})" lmessage="$(gettext_printf "Loading Linux %s ..." ${version})" sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/" << EOF echo '$(echo "$xmessage" | grub_quote)' if [ "\$grub_platform" = "pc" -o "\$grub_platform" = "" ]; then xen_rm_opts= else xen_rm_opts="no-real-mode edd=off" fi insmod ${module_loader} insmod ${xen_loader} ${xen_loader} ${rel_xen_dirname}/${xen_basename} placeholder ${xen_args} \${xen_rm_opts} echo '$(echo "$lmessage" | grub_quote)' ${module_loader} ${rel_dirname}/${basename} placeholder root=${linux_root_device_thisversion} ro ${args} EOF if test -n "${initrd}" ; then # TRANSLATORS: ramdisk isn't identifier. Should be translated. message="$(gettext_printf "Loading initial ramdisk ...")" sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/" << EOF echo '$(echo "$message" | grub_quote)' insmod ${module_loader} ${module_loader} --nounzip ${rel_dirname}/${initrd} EOF fi sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/" << EOF } EOF } linux_list= for i in /boot/vmlinu[xz]-* /vmlinu[xz]-* /boot/kernel-*; do if grub_file_is_not_garbage "$i"; then basename=$(basename $i) version=$(echo $basename | sed -e "s,^[^0-9]*-,,g") dirname=$(dirname $i) config= for j in "${dirname}/config-${version}" "${dirname}/config-${alt_version}" "/etc/kernels/kernel-config-${version}" ; do if test -e "${j}" ; then config="${j}" break fi done if (grep -qx "CONFIG_XEN_DOM0=y" "${config}" 2> /dev/null || grep -qx "CONFIG_XEN_PRIVILEGED_GUEST=y" "${config}" 2> /dev/null); then linux_list="$linux_list $i" ; fi fi done if [ "x${linux_list}" = "x" ] ; then exit 0 fi file_is_not_sym () { case "$1" in */xen-syms-*) return 1;; *) return 0;; esac } xen_list= for i in /boot/xen*; do if grub_file_is_not_garbage "$i" && file_is_not_sym "$i" ; then xen_list="$xen_list $i" ; fi done prepare_boot_cache= boot_device_id= title_correction_code= machine=`uname -m` case "$machine" in i?86) GENKERNEL_ARCH="x86" ;; mips|mips64) GENKERNEL_ARCH="mips" ;; mipsel|mips64el) GENKERNEL_ARCH="mipsel" ;; arm*) GENKERNEL_ARCH="arm" ;; *) GENKERNEL_ARCH="$machine" ;; esac # Extra indentation to add to menu entries in a submenu. We're not in a submenu # yet, so it's empty. In a submenu it will be equal to '\t' (one tab). submenu_indentation="" is_top_level=true while [ "x${xen_list}" != "x" ] ; do list="${linux_list}" current_xen=`version_find_latest $xen_list` xen_basename=`basename ${current_xen}` xen_dirname=`dirname ${current_xen}` rel_xen_dirname=`make_system_path_relative_to_its_root $xen_dirname` xen_version=`echo $xen_basename | sed -e "s,.gz$,,g;s,^xen-,,g"` if [ -z "$boot_device_id" ]; then boot_device_id="$(grub_get_device_id "${GRUB_DEVICE}")" fi if [ "x$is_top_level" != xtrue ]; then echo " submenu '$(gettext_printf "Xen hypervisor, version %s" "${xen_version}" | grub_quote)' \$menuentry_id_option 'xen-hypervisor-$xen_version-$boot_device_id' {" fi if ($grub_file --is-arm64-efi $current_xen); then xen_loader="xen_hypervisor" module_loader="xen_module" else if ($grub_file --is-x86-multiboot2 $current_xen); then xen_loader="multiboot2" module_loader="module2" else xen_loader="multiboot" module_loader="module" fi fi while [ "x$list" != "x" ] ; do linux=`version_find_latest $list` gettext_printf "Found linux image: %s\n" "$linux" >&2 basename=`basename $linux` dirname=`dirname $linux` rel_dirname=`make_system_path_relative_to_its_root $dirname` version=`echo $basename | sed -e "s,^[^0-9]*-,,g"` alt_version=`echo $version | sed -e "s,\.old$,,g"` linux_root_device_thisversion="${LINUX_ROOT_DEVICE}" initrd= for i in "initrd.img-${version}" "initrd-${version}.img" "initrd-${version}.gz" \ "initrd-${version}" "initramfs-${version}.img" \ "initrd.img-${alt_version}" "initrd-${alt_version}.img" \ "initrd-${alt_version}" "initramfs-${alt_version}.img" \ "initramfs-genkernel-${version}" \ "initramfs-genkernel-${alt_version}" \ "initramfs-genkernel-${GENKERNEL_ARCH}-${version}" \ "initramfs-genkernel-${GENKERNEL_ARCH}-${alt_version}" ; do if test -e "${dirname}/${i}" ; then initrd="$i" break fi done if test -n "${initrd}" ; then gettext_printf "Found initrd image: %s\n" "${dirname}/${initrd}" >&2 else # "UUID=" magic is parsed by initrds. Since there's no initrd, it can't work here. if [ "x${GRUB_DEVICE_PARTUUID}" = "x" ] \ || [ "x${GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_PARTUUID}" = "xtrue" ]; then linux_root_device_thisversion=${GRUB_DEVICE} else linux_root_device_thisversion=PARTUUID=${GRUB_DEVICE_PARTUUID} fi fi if [ "x$is_top_level" = xtrue ] && [ "x${GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU}" != xy ]; then linux_entry "${OS}" "${version}" "${xen_version}" simple \ "${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX} ${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT}" "${GRUB_CMDLINE_XEN} ${GRUB_CMDLINE_XEN_DEFAULT}" submenu_indentation="$grub_tab$grub_tab" if [ -z "$boot_device_id" ]; then boot_device_id="$(grub_get_device_id "${GRUB_DEVICE}")" fi # TRANSLATORS: %s is replaced with an OS name echo "submenu '$(gettext_printf "Advanced options for %s (with Xen hypervisor)" "${OS}" | grub_quote)' \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-$boot_device_id' {" echo " submenu '$(gettext_printf "Xen hypervisor, version %s" "${xen_version}" | grub_quote)' \$menuentry_id_option 'xen-hypervisor-$xen_version-$boot_device_id' {" is_top_level=false fi linux_entry "${OS}" "${version}" "${xen_version}" advanced \ "${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX} ${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT}" "${GRUB_CMDLINE_XEN} ${GRUB_CMDLINE_XEN_DEFAULT}" if [ "x${GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY}" != "xtrue" ]; then linux_entry "${OS}" "${version}" "${xen_version}" recovery \ "single ${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX}" "${GRUB_CMDLINE_XEN}" fi list=`echo $list | tr ' ' '\n' | fgrep -vx "$linux" | tr '\n' ' '` done if [ x"$is_top_level" != xtrue ]; then echo ' }' fi xen_list=`echo $xen_list | tr ' ' '\n' | fgrep -vx "$current_xen" | tr '\n' ' '` done # If at least one kernel was found, then we need to # add a closing '}' for the submenu command. if [ x"$is_top_level" != xtrue ]; then echo '}' fi echo "$title_correction_code" EOF執行時產生的錯誤資訊
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/centos/grub.cfg：[root@localhost ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/centos/grub.cfg Generating grub configuration file ... losetup: /dev/nvme0n1p3: failed to use device: No such device /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: make_system_path_relative_to_its_root: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: make_system_path_relative_to_its_root: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: grub_get_device_id: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: gettext_printf: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: gettext_printf: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: grub_quote: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: grub_quote: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: gettext_printf: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: grub_quote: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: gettext_printf: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: grub_quote: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: prepare_grub_to_access_device: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: grub_add_tab: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: gettext_printf: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: gettext_printf: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: grub_quote: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 20: grub_quote: command not found /etc/grub.d/11_linux_xen: line 158: syntax error near unexpected token `}'這個問題也發表在：https ://xcp-ng.org/forum/topic/6113/booting-into-xen-with-grub2-mkconfig-2-03-on-centos8-x86_64
包裝說明
centos-release-openstack-xena.noarch如下：通過 CentOS Cloud SIG 提供的 OpenStack 的 yum 配置和基本文件。
包名帶有後綴的事實
.noarch表明，在這個包中沒有可直接引導的內容，因為這意味著內容是獨立於處理器架構的，即只有腳本、文件和/或數據。該名稱
xena也不是指 Xen：它是 OpenStack 2021 年 10 月發行版的發行代號。安裝
centos-release-openstack-xena.noarch只是安裝 OpenStack 的第一步準備工作。如果這就是您的計劃，那麼您應該開始閱讀OpenStack 安裝指南。您現在可以開始安裝各種 OpenStack 組件服務。但是，如果您正在尋找名為 Xen 的虛擬化管理程序，那麼您安裝了錯誤的軟體包。
請注意，RHEL/CentOS 8 根本不支持 Xen PV 或 PVH 模式，因為 RedHat 支持 KVM 而不是 Xen。你可以在 HVM 模式下執行 CentOS 8 的標準核心，但我知道這可能比 PV/PVH 模式效率低。或者你可以
kernel-ml從ElRepo安裝；這將允許您在 Xen 中執行 CentOS 8，但這是設置基於 CentOS 8 的 Xen 主機的必要步驟，但還不夠。