CentOS7 無法解析 nslookup 的短主機名

我嘗試在 CentOS 7（在 Virtual Box VM 中）上設置 DNS 查找，它適用於與 DNS 相同的虛擬機上的 FQDN。但是，當我嘗試解析短主機名時，它失敗了。

我已經看到這在一些伺服器上工作，並想學習如何自己設置它。感謝您對此的任何幫助。

以下是現有的配置：

文件 - /etc/named.conf

   //
   // named.conf
   //

   options {
       listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 192.168.56.101; };
       listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
       directory   "/var/named";
       dump-file   "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
       statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
       memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
       allow-query     { localhost; 192.168.0.0/24; };
       allow-transfer  { localhost; 192.168.56.101; };

       recursion yes;

       dnssec-enable yes;
       dnssec-validation yes;
       dnssec-lookaside auto;

       /* Path to ISC DLV key */
       bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";

       managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";

       pid-file "/run/named/named.pid";
       session-keyfile "/run/named/session.key";
   };

   logging {
           channel default_debug {
                   file "data/named.run";
                   severity dynamic;
           };
   };

   zone "." IN {
       type hint;
       file "named.ca";
   };

   zone "eai.com" IN {
       type master;
       file "forward.linuxzadmin";
       allow-update { none; };
   };

   zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
       type master;
       file "reverse.linuxzadmin";
       allow-update { none; };
   };



   include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
   include "/etc/named.root.key";

文件 - /etc/resolv.conf

   # Generated by NetworkManager
   # nameserver 169.144.126.136
   # nameserver 146.11.115.200
   # nameserver 153.88.112.200
   # NOTE: the libc resolver may not support more than 3 nameservers.
   # The nameservers listed below may not be recognized.
   # nameserver 147.128.170.138
   # nameserver 127.0.0.1
   nameserver 192.168.56.101

文件 - /etc/hosts

   127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
   ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 
   192.168.56.101  eai16.eai.com eai16 eai16-oam

文件 - /var/named/forward.linuxzadmin

   $TTL 86400
   @       IN SOA  masterdns.eai.com. root.eai.com. (
                                   2014051001      ; serial
                                           3600    ; refresh
                                           1800    ; retry
                                           604800  ; expire
                                           86400   ; minimum
   )
   @               IN      NS      masterdns.eai.com.
   @               IN      A       192.168.56.101
   masterdns       IN      A       192.168.56.101
   node1           IN      A       192.168.56.101
   eai16       IN  A   192.168.56.101

文件 - /var/named/reverse.linuxzadmin

   $TTL 86400
   @       IN SOA  masterdns.eai.com. root.eai.com. (
                                   2014051001      ; serial
                                           3600    ; refresh
                                           1800    ; retry
                                           604800  ; expire
                                           86400   ; minimum
   )
   @               IN      NS      masterdns.eai.com.
   @               IN      PTR     eai.com.
   masterdns       IN      A       192.168.56.101
   node1           IN      A       192.168.56.101
   eai16       IN  A   192.168.56.101
   101             IN      PTR     masterdns.eai.com.
   101             IN      PTR     node1.eai.com.
   101     IN  PTR eai16.eai.com.
   101     IN  PTR eai16.

命令輸出

主機名

[root@eai16 etc]# hostname -f
eai16.eai.com
[root@eai16 etc]# hostname -s
eai16

FQDN 上的 NS 查找

[root@eai16 etc]# nslookup eai16.eai.com
Server:         192.168.56.101
Address:        192.168.56.101#53

Name:   eai16.eai.com
Address: 192.168.56.101

探勘 FQDN

[root@eai16 etc]# dig eai16.eai.com

; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-38.el7_3.3 <<>> eai16.eai.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 62927
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;eai16.eai.com.                 IN      A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
eai16.eai.com.          86400   IN      A       192.168.56.101

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
eai.com.                86400   IN      NS      masterdns.eai.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
masterdns.eai.com.      86400   IN      A       192.168.56.101

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.56.101#53(192.168.56.101)
;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 21:13:38 IST 2017
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 98

FQDN 上的主機

[root@eai16 etc]# host eai16.eai.com
eai16.eai.com has address 192.168.56.101
[root@eai16 etc]# host `hostname`
eai16.eai.com has address 192.168.56.101

現在所有命令（nslookup、dig 和 host）在短主機名上都失敗了。

[root@eai16 etc]# host eai16
Host eai16 not found: 2(SERVFAIL)
[root@eai16 etc]# host eai16
;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached
[root@eai16 etc]# nslookup eai16
Server:         192.168.56.101
Address:        192.168.56.101#53

** server can't find eai16: SERVFAIL

[root@eai16 etc]# dig eai16

; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-38.el7_3.3 <<>> eai16
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 23006
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;eai16.                         IN      A

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.56.101#53(192.168.56.101)
;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 21:25:18 IST 2017
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 34

我知道我的配置中缺少/錯誤，但無法弄清楚是什麼。

resolv.conf如果 resolv.conf 不是靜態的，則問題出在您的/DHCP 配置中。

您必須添加到域 eai.com的search指令中resolv.conf

當您嘗試 DNS 名稱查找時，如果不成功，解析器庫會依次嘗試在搜尋指令中添加域來解析名稱，直到它們找到可解析的名稱，或者直到它們耗盡搜尋指令中的域列表。

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/375409