Centos

Virt Manager - 提高磁碟映像性能

  • March 17, 2021

我在 Centos 8 上的 virt-manager 中創建了一個虛擬機。我沒有使用 iso，而是使用現有的磁碟映像，當我執行它時，它執行速度非常慢，並且一旦登錄就需要永遠啟動螢幕。我分配了 5 cpus 以及將記憶體大小設置為 10gb，但性能仍然很慢。我查看了網路上的其他建議，例如將磁碟匯流排設置為 SATA、將記憶體模式設置為無、將 IO​​ 模式設置為本機仍然無助於提高這台機器的性能。有人可以推薦我應該嘗試的其他東西嗎？

編輯

這是我執行的 virsh dumpxml

<domain type='qemu' id='9'>
 <name>centos8</name>
 <uuid>********************</uuid>
 <memory unit='KiB'>10240000</memory>
 <currentMemory unit='KiB'>10240000</currentMemory>
 <vcpu placement='static'>5</vcpu>
 <resource>
   <partition>/machine</partition>
 </resource>
 <os>
   <type arch='x86_64' machine='***********'>hvm</type>
   <boot dev='hd'/>
 </os>
 <features>
   <acpi/>
   <apic/>
   <vmport state='off'/>
 </features>
 <cpu mode='custom' match='exact' check='full'>
   <model fallback='forbid'>EPYC</model>
   <vendor>AMD</vendor>
   <feature policy='require' name='acpi'/>
   <feature policy='require' name='ss'/>
   <feature policy='require' name='hypervisor'/>
   <feature policy='require' name='erms'/>
   <feature policy='require' name='mpx'/>
   <feature policy='require' name='pcommit'/>
   <feature policy='require' name='clwb'/>
   <feature policy='require' name='pku'/>
   <feature policy='require' name='la57'/>
   <feature policy='require' name='3dnowext'/>
   <feature policy='require' name='3dnow'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='vme'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='fma'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='avx'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='f16c'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='rdrand'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='avx2'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='rdseed'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='sha-ni'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='xsavec'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='fxsr_opt'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='misalignsse'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='3dnowprefetch'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='osvw'/>
   <feature policy='disable' name='topoext'/>
 </cpu>
 <clock offset='utc'>
   <timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
   <timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/>
   <timer name='hpet' present='no'/>
 </clock>
 <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
 <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
 <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
 <pm>
   <suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/>
   <suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/>
 </pm>
 <devices>
   <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
   <disk type='file' device='disk'>
     <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
     <source file='/mnt/disk4/swb80_64.img'/>
     <backingStore/>
     <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
     <alias name='virtio-disk0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x04' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
   </disk>
   <controller type='usb' index='0' model='qemu-xhci' ports='15'>
     <alias name='usb'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x02' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='sata' index='0'>
     <alias name='ide'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x1f' function='0x2'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pcie-root'>
     <alias name='pcie.0'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='1' model='pcie-root-port'>
     <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
     <target chassis='1' port='0x10'/>
     <alias name='pci.1'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='2' model='pcie-root-port'>
     <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
     <target chassis='2' port='0x11'/>
     <alias name='pci.2'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x1'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='3' model='pcie-root-port'>
     <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
     <target chassis='3' port='0x12'/>
     <alias name='pci.3'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x2'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='4' model='pcie-root-port'>
     <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
     <target chassis='4' port='0x13'/>
     <alias name='pci.4'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x3'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='5' model='pcie-root-port'>
     <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
     <target chassis='5' port='0x14'/>
     <alias name='pci.5'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x4'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='6' model='pcie-root-port'>
     <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
     <target chassis='6' port='0x15'/>
     <alias name='pci.6'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x5'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='7' model='pcie-root-port'>
     <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
     <target chassis='7' port='0x16'/>
     <alias name='pci.7'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x6'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='8' model='pcie-root-port'>
     <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
     <target chassis='8' port='0x17'/>
     <alias name='pci.8'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x7'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='pci' index='9' model='pcie-to-pci-bridge'>
     <model name='pcie-pci-bridge'/>
     <alias name='pci.9'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x01' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
   </controller>
   <controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
     <alias name='virtio-serial0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x03' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
   </controller>
   <interface type='bridge'>
     <mac address='**************'/>
     <source bridge='br0'/>
     <target dev='vnet0'/>
     <model type='rtl8139'/>
     <link state='up'/>
     <alias name='net0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x09' slot='0x01' function='0x0'/>
   </interface>
   <serial type='pty'>
     <source path='/dev/pts/3'/>
     <target type='isa-serial' port='0'>
       <model name='isa-serial'/>
     </target>
     <alias name='serial0'/>
   </serial>
   <console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/3'>
     <source path='/dev/pts/3'/>
     <target type='serial' port='0'/>
     <alias name='serial0'/>
   </console>
   <channel type='unix'>
     <source mode='bind' path='/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/channel/target/domain-9-centos8/org.qemu.guest_agent.0'/>
     <target type='virtio' name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0' state='connected'/>
     <alias name='channel0'/>
     <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/>
   </channel>
   <channel type='spicevmc'>
     <target type='virtio' name='com.redhat.spice.0' state='connected'/>
     <alias name='channel1'/>
     <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='2'/>
   </channel>
   <input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
     <alias name='input0'/>
     <address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/>
   </input>
   <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'>
     <alias name='input1'/>
   </input>
   <input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'>
     <alias name='input2'/>
   </input>
   <graphics type='spice' port='5900' autoport='yes' listen='127.0.0.1'>
     <listen type='address' address='127.0.0.1'/>
     <image compression='off'/>
   </graphics>
   <sound model='ich9'>
     <alias name='sound0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x1b' function='0x0'/>
   </sound>
   <video>
     <model type='virtio' heads='1' primary='yes'>
       <acceleration accel3d='no'/>
     </model>
     <alias name='video0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x0'/>
   </video>
   <redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'>
     <alias name='redir0'/>
     <address type='usb' bus='0' port='2'/>
   </redirdev>
   <redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'>
     <alias name='redir1'/>
     <address type='usb' bus='0' port='3'/>
   </redirdev>
   <memballoon model='virtio'>
     <alias name='balloon0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x05' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
   </memballoon>
   <rng model='virtio'>
     <backend model='random'>/dev/urandom</backend>
     <alias name='rng0'/>
     <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x06' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
   </rng>
 </devices>
 <seclabel type='dynamic' model='dac' relabel='yes'>
   <label>+107:+107</label>
   <imagelabel>+107:+107</imagelabel>
 </seclabel>
</domain>

我檢查了我的一台 EL8 機器：

# diff -y x y
<domain type='qemu' id='9'>                   | <domain type='kvm'>
 <name>centos8</name>                        |   <name>el8_builder_i686</name>

您的域類型qemu意味著它是硬體虛擬化，它比硬體輔助虛擬化（如kvm.

編輯：

我自己無法嘗試（未經測試！）

但您可以嘗試以下方法：

  1. 停止虛擬機
  2. 進行複製 - 以防萬一，備份總是很明智的。
  3. 在域類型中使用virsh edit DOMAIN並更改qemu為kvm（它在第一行）。
  4. 嘗試啟動機器。如果它有效 - 我很高興這個簡單的 hack 有效。
  5. 如果它不起作用，則恢復以前的值 ( qemu)。
  6. 如果機器無法啟動，則使用備份（複製）。

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/639621

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