Data-Recovery
我在錯誤的驅動器上執行了 fdisk。我怎樣才能恢復
我在錯誤的 HD 上執行了fdisk 。我基本上清除了分區表，按下w和 fdisk ，然後才意識到那是我的主要硬碟驅動器……
我收到了這條消息：
警告：重新讀取分區表失敗，錯誤 16：設備或資源忙。核心仍然使用舊表。新表將在下次重新啟動或執行 partprobe(8) 或 kpartx(8) 同步磁碟後使用。
我查看了 /sys/class/block/sdb/sdb* 啟動和大小文件 - 我知道這是核心保留舊分區偏移量和大小直到重新啟動…這是我的表重建。
name | startsector | size, sectors | type? ------------------------------------------------------------ sdb1 | 2048 | 2048 | sdb2 | 195510270 | 2 | sdb3 | 4096 | 195504128 | / sdb5 | 195510272 | 761716736 | /home sdb6 | 957229056 | 19542016 | swap partition這是測試有什麼類型的分區：
cr1tter@cr1tterhost:~$ sudo file -s /dev/sdb{1,2,3,5,6} /dev/sdb1: data /dev/sdb2: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0x83, starthead 254, startsector 2, 761716736 sectors; partition 2: ID=0x5, starthead 254, startsector 761716738, 19544064 sectors, code offset 0x97 /dev/sdb3: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=b6d939b9-c197-4513-a1fe-9c614574afb0 (needs journal recovery) (extents) (large files) (huge files) /dev/sdb5: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=96f97705-f292-49db-b31d-249fab87d3d7 (needs journal recovery) (extents) (large files) (huge files) /dev/sdb6: Linux/i386 swap file (new style), version 1 (4K pages), size 2442751 pages, no label, UUID=a5744b72-248c-4ceb-8009-db6351cdc231我想我很困惑sdb1和sdb2是什麼？老實說，我不記得它們是什麼……當我安裝作業系統時 - 我必須指定路徑，如 /home 或根路徑：/ - fdisk 似乎不允許這樣做……
PS>已解決。謝謝吉姆·帕里斯！這是我所做的事情的記錄。我已經重新啟動並且系統執行良好..！
sudo fdisk /dev/sdb Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000cd649 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 First sector (2048-976773167, default 2048): Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-976773167, default 976773167): +1M Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000cd649 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 4095 1024 83 Linux Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free) e extended Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 2): 3 First sector (4096-976773167, default 4096): Using default value 4096 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (4096-976773167, default 976773167): +95461M Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-4): 3 Hex code (type L to list codes): 83 Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free) e extended Select (default p): e Partition number (1-4, default 2): Using default value 2 First sector (195508224-976773167, default 195508224): Using default value 195508224 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (195508224-976773167, default 976773167): Using default value 976773167 Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (2 primary, 1 extended, 1 free) l logical (numbered from 5) Select (default p): l Adding logical partition 5 First sector (195510272-976773167, default 195510272): Using default value 195510272 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (195510272-976773167, default 976773167): +371932M Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-5): 5 Hex code (type L to list codes): 83 Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (2 primary, 1 extended, 1 free) l logical (numbered from 5) Select (default p): l Adding logical partition 6 First sector (957229056-976773167, default 957229056): Using default value 957229056 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (957229056-976773167, default 976773167): +9542M Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-6): 6 Hex code (type L to list codes): L 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto 1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix Hex code (type L to list codes): 82 Changed system type of partition 6 to 82 (Linux swap / Solaris) Command (m for help): a Partition number (1-6): 1 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000cd649 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 2048 4095 1024 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 195508224 976773167 390632472 5 Extended /dev/sdb3 4096 195508223 97752064 83 Linux /dev/sdb5 195510272 957227007 380858368 83 Linux /dev/sdb6 957229056 976771071 9771008 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition table entries are not in disk order Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks.
fdisk只做分區；這取決於您的核心命令行和內容等其他事情/etc/fstab來決定如何使用它們。當您告訴安裝程序 eg/dev/sdb5將用作 時/home，它做了很多事情來實現這一點（設置分區表、格式化分區、調整fstab等）。要回答您的具體問題：
- 它看起來像是
sdb1您的引導分區，用於將核心保存在grub可以使用 BIOS 呼叫來檢索它的位置。可能ext2，但你可以用它file -s /dev/sdb1來嘗試找出格式。sdb2看起來像一個擴展分區。普通 MS-DOS 類型的分區表只能有 4 個主分區，編號從 1 到 4。如果您創建其中一個類型為 0x05，那麼您可以創建更多編號更大的邏輯分區。sdb3看起來像你的根分區。您的 sdb3 和 sdb2 出現故障有點奇怪，但這是可能的。我的猜測是你需要在 fdisk 中做這樣的事情：
- 新的分區表
- 新建主分區1，開始2048，大小+2047
- 將分區 1 的 ID 更改為 0x83 (Linux)
- 新擴展分區 2，開始 195504128，大小（最大）
- 新建主分區 3，開始 4096，大小 +195504127
- 將分區 3 的 ID 更改為 0x83 (Linux)
- 新建邏輯分區 5，開始 195510272，大小 +761716735
- 將分區 5 的 ID 更改為 0x83 (Linux)
- 新的邏輯分區 6，開始 957229056，大小 +19542015
- 將分區 6 的 ID 更改為 0x82 (Linux Swap)