Debian
身份驗證在 Dovecot 和 PostgreSQL 中不起作用
我想使用 Postfix、Dovecot、LMTP 和 PostgreSQL 數據庫將我自己的郵件伺服器放在 VPS 上。我無法使用 mail 命令從 VPS 發送消息，即我沒有在我的替換帳戶中收到這些電子郵件，並且從備份帳戶發送電子郵件以錯誤結束：
Undelivered Mail Returned to Sender This is the mail system at host mail.hubot.pl. I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below. For further assistance, please send mail to postmaster. If you do so, please include this problem report. You can delete your own text from the attached returned message. The mail system <hubot@hubot.pl> (expanded from <admin@hubot.pl>): host mail.hubot.pl[private/dovecot-lmtp] said: 550 5.1.1 <hubot@hubot.pl> User doesn't exist: hubot@hubot.pl (in reply to RCPT TO command)我已經嘗試以不同的方式編輯 dovecota 和 postgresql 配置文件 pg_hba.conf 和 pg_ident.conf ，並將它們與 DNS 結合起來沒有效果。
這是我對 hubot.pl 的 MX 記錄：
hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo dig MX hubot.pl +short @dns1.forpsicloud.cz 20 mail.hubot.pl. hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo host mail.hubot.pl dns1.forpsicloud.cz Using domain server: Name: dns1.forpsicloud.cz Address: 81.2.232.15#53 Aliases: mail.hubot.pl has address 81.2.239.96文件 /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf：
hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo cat /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf disable_plaintext_auth = no mail_privileged_group = mail mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u userdb { driver = prefetch } passdb { args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf driver = sql } protocols = imap lmtp protocol imap { mail_plugins = " autocreate" } plugin { autocreate = Trash autocreate2 = Sent autosubscribe = Trash autosubscribe2 = Sent } service auth { unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth { group = postfix mode = 0660 user = postfix } } service lmtp { unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/dovecot-lmtp { group = postfix mode = 0600 user = postfix } } protocol lmtp { postmaster_address=postmaster@hubot.pl hostname=mail.hubot.pl } ssl=required ssl_cert = </etc/ssl/certs/mailcert.pem ssl_key = </etc/ssl/private/mail.key文件 /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf：
hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo cat /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf driver = pgsql connect = host=/var/run/postgresql/ dbname=mail user=mailreader default_pass_scheme = SHA512 password_query = SELECT email as user, password FROM users WHERE email = '%u' user_query = SELECT email as user, 'maildir:/home/mailboxes/maildir/'||maildir as mail, '/home/mailboxes/home/'||maildir as home, 500 as uid, 500 as gid FROM users WHERE email = '%u'文件 /etc/postfix/main.cf：
hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo cat /etc/postfix/main.cf # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. #myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/mailcert.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/mail.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated defer_unauth_destination myhostname = mail.hubot.pl alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases proxy:pgsql:/etc/postfix/pgsql-aliases.cf local_recipient_maps = proxy:pgsql:/etc/postfix/pgsql-boxes.cf $alias_maps alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = hubot.pl mydestination = hubot.pl, mail.hubot.pl, localhost, localhost.localdomain relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all mailbox_transport = lmtp:unix:private/dovecot-lmtp文件 /etc/postfix/pgsql-aliases.cf：
hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo cat /etc/postfix/pgsql-aliases.cf user=mailreader dbname=mail table=aliases select_field=alias where_field=email hosts=unix:/var/run/postgresql文件 /etc/postfix/pgsql-boxes.cf：
hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo cat /etc/postfix/pgsql-boxes.cf user=mailreader dbname=mail table=users select_field=email where_field=email hosts=unix:/var/run/postgresql/文件 /etc/postfix/master.cf：
hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo cat /etc/postfix/master.cf # # Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format # of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master" or # on-line: http://www.postfix.org/master.5.html). # # Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file. # # ========================================================================== # service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args # (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100) # ========================================================================== smtp inet n - - - - smtpd #smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen #smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd #dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog #tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy submission inet n - - - - smtpd -o syslog_name=postfix/submission -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=no -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions # -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions # -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING -o smtpd_sasl_type=dovecot -o smtpd_sasl_path=private/auth #smtps inet n - - - - smtpd # -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps # -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions # -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions # -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions # -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions= # -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #628 inet n - - - - qmqpd pickup unix n - - 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr #qmgr unix n - n 300 1 oqmgr tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce defer unix - - - - 0 bounce trace unix - - - - 0 bounce verify unix - - - - 1 verify flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - - - - smtp relay unix - - - - - smtp # -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5 showq unix n - - - - showq error unix - - - - - error retry unix - - - - - error discard unix - - - - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil scache unix - - - - 1 scache # # ==================================================================== # Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual # pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants. # # Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery # agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient} # and other message envelope options. # ==================================================================== # # maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details. # Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1 # maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} # # ==================================================================== # # Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry. # # Specify in cyrus.conf: # lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4 # # Specify in main.cf one or more of the following: # mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # # ==================================================================== # # Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux) # Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1 # #cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # Old example of delivery via Cyrus. # #old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # # See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details. # uucp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient) # # Other external delivery methods. # ifmail unix - n n - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient) bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension} mailman unix - n n - - pipe flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user}文件 /etc/postgresql/9.4/main/pg_hba.conf：
hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo cat /etc/postgresql/9.4/main/pg_hba.conf # PostgreSQL Client Authentication Configuration File # =================================================== # # Refer to the "Client Authentication" section in the PostgreSQL # documentation for a complete description of this file. A short # synopsis follows. # # This file controls: which hosts are allowed to connect, how clients # are authenticated, which PostgreSQL user names they can use, which # databases they can access. Records take one of these forms: # # local DATABASE USER METHOD [OPTIONS] # host DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD [OPTIONS] # hostssl DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD [OPTIONS] # hostnossl DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD [OPTIONS] # # (The uppercase items must be replaced by actual values.) # # The first field is the connection type: "local" is a Unix-domain # socket, "host" is either a plain or SSL-encrypted TCP/IP socket, # "hostssl" is an SSL-encrypted TCP/IP socket, and "hostnossl" is a # plain TCP/IP socket. # # DATABASE can be "all", "sameuser", "samerole", "replication", a # database name, or a comma-separated list thereof. The "all" # keyword does not match "replication". Access to replication # must be enabled in a separate record (see example below). # # USER can be "all", a user name, a group name prefixed with "+", or a # comma-separated list thereof. In both the DATABASE and USER fields # you can also write a file name prefixed with "@" to include names # from a separate file. # # ADDRESS specifies the set of hosts the record matches. It can be a # host name, or it is made up of an IP address and a CIDR mask that is # an integer (between 0 and 32 (IPv4) or 128 (IPv6) inclusive) that # specifies the number of significant bits in the mask. A host name # that starts with a dot (.) matches a suffix of the actual host name. # Alternatively, you can write an IP address and netmask in separate # columns to specify the set of hosts. Instead of a CIDR-address, you # can write "samehost" to match any of the server's own IP addresses, # or "samenet" to match any address in any subnet that the server is # directly connected to. # # METHOD can be "trust", "reject", "md5", "password", "gss", "sspi", # "ident", "peer", "pam", "ldap", "radius" or "cert". Note that # "password" sends passwords in clear text; "md5" is preferred since # it sends encrypted passwords. # # OPTIONS are a set of options for the authentication in the format # NAME=VALUE. The available options depend on the different # authentication methods -- refer to the "Client Authentication" # section in the documentation for a list of which options are # available for which authentication methods. # # Database and user names containing spaces, commas, quotes and other # special characters must be quoted. Quoting one of the keywords # "all", "sameuser", "samerole" or "replication" makes the name lose # its special character, and just match a database or username with # that name. # # This file is read on server startup and when the postmaster receives # a SIGHUP signal. If you edit the file on a running system, you have # to SIGHUP the postmaster for the changes to take effect. You can # use "pg_ctl reload" to do that. # Put your actual configuration here # ---------------------------------- # # If you want to allow non-local connections, you need to add more # "host" records. In that case you will also need to make PostgreSQL # listen on a non-local interface via the listen_addresses # configuration parameter, or via the -i or -h command line switches. local mail all peer map=mailmap #host pgadmin mail 127.0.0.1/32 md5 # DO NOT DISABLE! # If you change this first entry you will need to make sure that the # database superuser can access the database using some other method. # Noninteractive access to all databases is required during automatic # maintenance (custom daily cronjobs, replication, and similar tasks). # # Database administrative login by Unix domain socket local all postgres peer # TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD # "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only local all all peer # IPv4 local connections: host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5 # IPv6 local connections: host all all ::1/128 md5 # Allow replication connections from localhost, by a user with the # replication privilege. #local replication postgres peer #host replication postgres 127.0.0.1/32 md5 #host replication postgres ::1/128 md5 [/syntax]文件 /etc/postgresql/9.4/main/pg_ident.conf：
hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo cat /etc/postgresql/9.4/main/pg_ident.conf # PostgreSQL User Name Maps # ========================= # # Refer to the PostgreSQL documentation, chapter "Client # Authentication" for a complete description. A short synopsis # follows. # # This file controls PostgreSQL user name mapping. It maps external # user names to their corresponding PostgreSQL user names. Records # are of the form: # # MAPNAME SYSTEM-USERNAME PG-USERNAME # # (The uppercase quantities must be replaced by actual values.) # # MAPNAME is the (otherwise freely chosen) map name that was used in # pg_hba.conf. SYSTEM-USERNAME is the detected user name of the # client. PG-USERNAME is the requested PostgreSQL user name. The # existence of a record specifies that SYSTEM-USERNAME may connect as # PG-USERNAME. # # If SYSTEM-USERNAME starts with a slash (/), it will be treated as a # regular expression. Optionally this can contain a capture (a # parenthesized subexpression). The substring matching the capture # will be substituted for \1 (backslash-one) if present in # PG-USERNAME. # # Multiple maps may be specified in this file and used by pg_hba.conf. # # No map names are defined in the default configuration. If all # system user names and PostgreSQL user names are the same, you don't # need anything in this file. # # This file is read on server startup and when the postmaster receives # a SIGHUP signal. If you edit the file on a running system, you have # to SIGHUP the postmaster for the changes to take effect. You can # use "pg_ctl reload" to do that. # Put your actual configuration here # ---------------------------------- mailmap dovecot mailreader mailmap postfix mailreader mailmap root mailreader # MAPNAME SYSTEM-USERNAME PG-USERNAME日誌：
hubot@hubot-vps:~$ sudo tail -n 50 /var/log/syslog May 20 18:55:07 hubot-vps postfix/qmgr[12183]: 369ED80B84: removed May 20 18:58:25 hubot-vps postfix/anvil[13737]: statistics: max connection rate 1/60s for (smtp:74.208.4.200) at May 20 18:55:03 May 20 18:58:25 hubot-vps postfix/anvil[13737]: statistics: max connection count 1 for (smtp:74.208.4.200) at May 20 18:55:03 May 20 18:58:25 hubot-vps postfix/anvil[13737]: statistics: max cache size 1 at May 20 18:55:03 May 20 18:58:34 hubot-vps postfix/smtpd[13787]: connect from unknown[103.17.108.72] May 20 18:58:35 hubot-vps postfix/smtpd[13787]: disconnect from unknown[103.17.108.72] May 20 18:59:25 hubot-vps postfix/smtpd[13787]: warning: hostname static.vnpt.vn does not resolve to address 123.16.147.49 May 20 18:59:25 hubot-vps postfix/smtpd[13787]: connect from unknown[123.16.147.49] May 20 18:59:28 hubot-vps postfix/smtpd[13787]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from unknown[123.16.147.49]: 454 4.7.1 <w0e4i3g1h0t5watchers@b15fa0.xehacho.fr>: Relay access denied; from=<kfurkddaq@static.vnpt.vn> to=<w0e4i3g1h0t5watchers@b15fa0.xehacho.fr> proto=ESMTP helo=<static.vnpt.vn> May 20 18:59:34 hubot-vps postfix/smtpd[13787]: disconnect from unknown[123.16.147.49] May 20 19:00:01 hubot-vps CRON[13859]: (root) CMD (znc) May 20 19:00:01 hubot-vps postfix/pickup[13772]: E7F8C80B83: uid=0 from=<root> May 20 19:00:01 hubot-vps postfix/cleanup[13863]: E7F8C80B83: message-id=<20170520170001.E7F8C80B83@mail.hubot.pl> May 20 19:00:01 hubot-vps postfix/qmgr[12183]: E7F8C80B83: from=<root@hubot.pl>, size=687, nrcpt=1 (queue active) May 20 19:00:01 hubot-vps dovecot: lmtp(13867): Connect from local May 20 19:00:01 hubot-vps dovecot: auth: Warning: sql: Ignoring changed user_query in /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf, because userdb sql not used. (If this is intentional, set userdb_warning_disable=yes) May 20 19:00:01 hubot-vps dovecot: auth: Error: prefetch(hubot@hubot.pl): userdb lookup not possible with only userdb prefetch May 20 19:00:01 hubot-vps postfix/lmtp[13866]: E7F8C80B83: to=<hubot@hubot.pl>, orig_to=<root>, relay=mail.hubot.pl[private/dovecot-lmtp], delay=0.06, delays=0.01/0.01/0.02/0.02, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (host mail.hubot.pl[private/dovecot-lmtp] said: 550 5.1.1 <hubot@hubot.pl> User doesn't exist: hubot@hubot.pl (in reply to RCPT TO command)) May 20 19:00:01 hubot-vps dovecot: lmtp(13867): Disconnect from local: Successful quit May 20 19:00:02 hubot-vps postfix/cleanup[13863]: F418680B84: message-id=<20170520170001.F418680B84@mail.hubot.pl> May 20 19:00:02 hubot-vps postfix/qmgr[12183]: F418680B84: from=<>, size=2671, nrcpt=1 (queue active) May 20 19:00:02 hubot-vps dovecot: lmtp(13867): Connect from local May 20 19:00:02 hubot-vps dovecot: auth: Error: prefetch(hubot@hubot.pl): userdb lookup not possible with only userdb prefetch May 20 19:00:02 hubot-vps postfix/bounce[13871]: E7F8C80B83: sender non-delivery notification: F418680B84 May 20 19:00:02 hubot-vps postfix/qmgr[12183]: E7F8C80B83: removed May 20 19:00:02 hubot-vps postfix/lmtp[13866]: F418680B84: to=<hubot@hubot.pl>, orig_to=<root@hubot.pl>, relay=mail.hubot.pl[private/dovecot-lmtp], delay=0, delays=0/0/0/0, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (host mail.hubot.pl[private/dovecot-lmtp] said: 550 5.1.1 <hubot@hubot.pl> User doesn't exist: hubot@hubot.pl (in reply to RCPT TO command)) May 20 19:00:02 hubot-vps dovecot: lmtp(13867): Disconnect from local: Successful quit May 20 19:00:02 hubot-vps postfix/qmgr[12183]: F418680B84: removed May 20 19:02:55 hubot-vps postfix/anvil[13789]: statistics: max connection rate 1/60s for (smtp:103.17.108.72) at May 20 18:58:34 May 20 19:02:55 hubot-vps postfix/anvil[13789]: statistics: max connection count 1 for (smtp:103.17.108.72) at May 20 18:58:34 May 20 19:02:55 hubot-vps postfix/anvil[13789]: statistics: max cache size 2 at May 20 18:59:25 May 20 19:09:01 hubot-vps CRON[14055]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/sessionclean ] && /usr/lib/php5/sessionclean) May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps CRON[14102]: (root) CMD (znc) May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps postfix/pickup[13772]: 1D0C280B83: uid=0 from=<root> May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps postfix/cleanup[14106]: 1D0C280B83: message-id=<20170520171001.1D0C280B83@mail.hubot.pl> May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps postfix/qmgr[12183]: 1D0C280B83: from=<root@hubot.pl>, size=687, nrcpt=1 (queue active) May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps dovecot: lmtp(13873): Connect from local May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps dovecot: auth: Warning: sql: Ignoring changed user_query in /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf, because userdb sql not used. (If this is intentional, set userdb_warning_disable=yes) May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps dovecot: auth: Error: prefetch(hubot@hubot.pl): userdb lookup not possible with only userdb prefetch May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps postfix/lmtp[14110]: 1D0C280B83: to=<hubot@hubot.pl>, orig_to=<root>, relay=mail.hubot.pl[private/dovecot-lmtp], delay=0.09, delays=0.02/0.02/0.02/0.03, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (host mail.hubot.pl[private/dovecot-lmtp] said: 550 5.1.1 <hubot@hubot.pl> User doesn't exist: hubot@hubot.pl (in reply to RCPT TO command)) May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps dovecot: lmtp(13873): Disconnect from local: Successful quit May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps postfix/cleanup[14106]: 30D9A80B84: message-id=<20170520171001.30D9A80B84@mail.hubot.pl> May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps postfix/qmgr[12183]: 30D9A80B84: from=<>, size=2671, nrcpt=1 (queue active) May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps dovecot: lmtp(13873): Connect from local May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps dovecot: auth: Error: prefetch(hubot@hubot.pl): userdb lookup not possible with only userdb prefetch May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps postfix/bounce[14113]: 1D0C280B83: sender non-delivery notification: 30D9A80B84 May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps postfix/qmgr[12183]: 1D0C280B83: removed May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps postfix/lmtp[14110]: 30D9A80B84: to=<hubot@hubot.pl>, orig_to=<root@hubot.pl>, relay=mail.hubot.pl[private/dovecot-lmtp], delay=0.01, delays=0/0/0/0.01, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (host mail.hubot.pl[private/dovecot-lmtp] said: 550 5.1.1 <hubot@hubot.pl> User doesn't exist: hubot@hubot.pl (in reply to RCPT TO command)) May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps dovecot: lmtp(13873): Disconnect from local: Successful quit May 20 19:10:01 hubot-vps postfix/qmgr[12183]: 30D9A80B84: removed
您正在使用user database prefetch，它可用於通過在身份驗證期間已經讀取使用者資訊來減少對密碼數據庫的查詢次數，但這僅在使用者實際通過身份驗證時才有效。
對於郵件傳遞，LDA 顯然不會進行身份驗證，因此您需要從 SQL 數據庫讀取的第二個使用者數據庫配置。您已經在 中配置了 SQL 查詢
/etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf，但缺少第二個使用者數據庫配置dovecot.conf（來自上面連結的 wiki 頁面，但路徑已調整以匹配您的配置）：passdb { driver = sql args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf } userdb { driver = prefetch } # The userdb below is used only by lda. userdb { driver = sql args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf }