Debian Standard 網路介面不起作用，必須使用 USB enx00e04c6803a1

我已經使用 Debian GNU/Linux 不穩定 (sid) 五個月了，沒有任何問題。幾天前，我的電腦無法通過 ens33（台式機背面的乙太網埠，嵌入）連接，我不得不使用外部 USB 轉乙太網轉換器來上網。當我檢查時ifconfig -a，我很震驚，甚至沒有條目，ens33並且eth0拒絕執行ifup或ifdown使用。

ifconfig -a結果：

enp2s0: flags=4098<BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
       ether 2c:27:d7:43:3f:03  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
       RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
       RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
       TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
       TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

enx00e04c6803a1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
       inet 192.168.8.120  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.8.255
       inet6 fe80::2e0:4cff:fe68:3a1  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
       ether 00:e0:4c:68:03:a1  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
       RX packets 19402  bytes 22089157 (21.0 MiB)
       RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
       TX packets 13011  bytes 1363539 (1.3 MiB)
       TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
       inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
       inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
       loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
       RX packets 230  bytes 128048 (125.0 KiB)
       RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
       TX packets 230  bytes 128048 (125.0 KiB)
       TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

如何重新添加標準乙太網介面？

ErikF 的要求：

lspci表演

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 4 Series Chipset DRAM Controller (rev 03)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 03)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family PCI Express Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family PCI Express Port 2 (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.3 USB controller: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family SMBus Controller (rev 01)
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101/2/6E PCI Express Fast/Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 02)

Debian 正在過渡到可預測的網路介面名稱。

enp2s0= 乙太網控制器，匯流排 2，插槽 0，第一個也是唯一一個功能，或者換句話說，PCI 設備 02:00.0。lspci 輸出表明它是 Realtek RTL8101/2/6E。

看起來 RTL8106E 至少需要一個或兩個韌體文件：您可能需要firmware-realtek從 Debian 的非免費部分安裝軟體包。（仍然無需支付任何費用即可使用，但附加了一些額外的版權和/或許可條件。）

https://packages.debian.org/unstable/kernel/firmware-realtek

ens33將意味著基於儲存在系統韌體中的資訊的 PCIe 熱插拔插槽 #33；您是否在問題出現時禁用了 PCIe 熱插拔支持模組，認為沒有必要？或者您當時是否進行了任何核心更新或配置更改？

新式 NIC 名稱的完整解碼密鑰在這裡。

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/430271