Debian
我如何知道虛擬軟體包是否“安裝”在 Debian 系統上?
一些包,有一個
Provides:
標題。例如,postfix
Debian Wheezy 上的軟體包有Provides: mail-transport-agent
.物理上不存在的包
mail-transport-agent
被視為“虛擬”包。在基於 Debian 的系統上,我如何知道給定的虛擬軟體包是否已“安裝”(或“提供”)?我可以列出每個“提供”的虛擬包嗎?
提示:要列出每個現有的虛擬包,無論是否安裝,請執行以下操作:
aptitude search "~v"
列出提供的軟體包
mail-transport-agent
:$ aptitude search '~Pmail-transport-agent' p citadel-mta - complete and feature-rich groupware server p courier-mta - Courier mail server - ESMTP daemon p dma - lightweight mail transport agent p esmtp-run - user configurable relay-only MTA - the reg p exim4-daemon-heavy - Exim MTA (v4) daemon with extended feature p exim4-daemon-light - lightweight Exim MTA (v4) daemon p masqmail - mail transport agent for intermittently co p msmtp-mta - light SMTP client with support for server p nullmailer - simple relay-only mail transport agent i postfix - High-performance mail transport agent p sendmail-bin - powerful, efficient, and scalable Mail Tra p ssmtp - extremely simple MTA to get mail off the s p xmail - advanced, fast and reliable ESMTP/POP3 mai
使其
aptitude search '~Pmail-transport-agent ~i'
僅列出已安裝的軟體包(如果有)。列出目前安裝的包提供的所有虛擬包:
aptitude search '~Rprovides:~i ~v'
有關搜尋模式的說明,請參閱aptitude 手冊。