在 Debian 中重啟後 iptables 沒有恢復新規則

我嘗試了許多類似的問題，如下所示，在我的例子中，我在VirtualBox中使用了帶有****Debian OS的 VM ：

1. https://serverfault.com/questions/129086/how-to-start-stop-iptables-on-ubuntu
2. 為什麼重啟我的 Debian 系統時 iptables 規則會消失？
3. https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-list-and-delete-iptables-firewall-rules
4. https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-a-firewall-using-iptables-on-ubuntu-14-04

我試圖iptables用這些命令刷新規則：

sudo iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
sudo iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT

跟隨這些命令：

sudo iptables -t nat -F
sudo iptables -t mangle -F
sudo iptables -F
sudo iptables -X

我試圖：

iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v4
iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v6

當我重新啟動機器時，它又回到了舊規則……我仍然有相同的規則。我嘗試使用iptables-save，我收到了這些消息。

# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Wed Mar 28 03:44:14 2018
*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [127:23299]
:INPUT ACCEPT [14:1996]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [32:1947]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [32:1947]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:POST_public - [0:0]
:POST_public_allow - [0:0]
:POST_public_deny - [0:0]
:POST_public_log - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_direct
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_ZONES
-A POSTROUTING_ZONES -g POST_public
-A POST_public -j POST_public_log
-A POST_public -j POST_public_deny
-A POST_public -j POST_public_allow
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
COMMIT
# Completed on Wed Mar 28 03:44:14 2018
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Wed Mar 28 03:44:14 2018
*mangle
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [4925:1051078]
:INPUT ACCEPT [4925:1051078]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [4791:1080206]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [4791:1080206]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
COMMIT
# Completed on Wed Mar 28 03:44:14 2018
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Wed Mar 28 03:44:14 2018
*security
:INPUT ACCEPT [4826:1030935]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [4814:1084121]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
COMMIT
# Completed on Wed Mar 28 03:44:14 2018
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Wed Mar 28 03:44:14 2018
*raw
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [4949:1054264]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [4815:1084545]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
COMMIT
# Completed on Wed Mar 28 03:44:14 2018
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Wed Mar 28 03:44:14 2018
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [2653:591941]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [2649:609004]
COMMIT
# Completed on Wed Mar 28 03:44:14 2018

我想要的就像下面的規則。我已將我的設置rules.v4為這些命令：

# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Tue Mar 27 02:48:59 2018
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
COMMIT
# Completed on Tue Mar 27 02:48:59 2018

但是每當我重新啟動系統時，我總是得到以前的規則……

我的配置可能出了什麼問題？我錯過了什麼嗎？

我已經嘗試解除安裝iptables-persistent並重新安裝它，但我仍然得到相同的規則……

使用以下命令保存 IPV6 表：

ip6tables-save > /etc/iptables/rules.v6

要恢復 IPV6 表，請使用：

ip6tables-restore < /etc/iptables/rules.v6

該命令iptables-save僅iptables-restore用於管理 IPV4 表。

見man iptables-save：

  iptables-save — dump iptables rules to stdout
  ip6tables-save — dump iptables rules to stdout

和man iptables-restore

 iptables-restore — Restore IP Tables
 ip6tables-restore — Restore IPv6 Tables

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/433999