Debian

刪除顯卡驅動?

  • November 16, 2017

好的,我查看了很多文章和主題,但沒有找到解決方案。所以我正在執行 x64 Debian。我通過執行 .run 文件從 Nvidia 網站安裝了 Nvidia 驅動程序。現在,我嘗試安裝 Steam,所以我嘗試了

Sudo apt install steam 

我什至試著打

$$ TAB $$之後查看它是否有不同的名稱,但無處可尋。所以我從網站上下載了一個 .deb 文件並嘗試執行它

Sudo dpkg -i steam_latest.deb

但它安裝並給了我一個錯誤:

Failed to parse arguments: Option "--disable-factory" is no longer supported in this version of gnome-terminal.
Package libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 needs to be installed
Package libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 needs to be installed
Running Steam on debian 9 64-bit
STEAM_RUNTIME is enabled automatically
Pins up-to-date!
Error: You are missing the following 32-bit libraries, and Steam may not run:
libGL.so.1
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1509425745)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1509425745)   
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1509425745)
Failed to load steamui.so - dlerror(): libGL.so.1: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS64
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1509425745)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1509425745)
[2017-11-15 10:42:19] Startup - updater built Oct 30 2017 19:09:32
Looks like steam didn't shutdown cleanly, scheduling immediate update check
[2017-11-15 10:42:19] Checking for update on startup
[2017-11-15 10:42:19] Checking for available updates...
[2017-11-15 10:42:19] Download skipped: /client/steam_client_ubuntu12 version 1509425745, installed version 1509425745
[2017-11-15 10:42:19] Nothing to do
[2017-11-15 10:42:19] Verifying installation...
[2017-11-15 10:42:19] Performing checksum verification of executable files
[2017-11-15 10:42:19] Verification complete
[2017-11-15 10:42:22] Shutdown

所以它不會執行。我安裝了 TeamViewer,它也是一個 i836 應用程序,它可以執行,所以我認為這不是 Multiarch 的問題。我在 Reddit 上問過,一個人說這可能是顯卡驅動錯誤,所以我試著

sudo apt install nvidia-driver 

找到了,但它遊戲我這個錯誤

E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem. 

自然地,我嘗試了“sudo dpkg –configure -a”,但我明白了

Setting up nvidia-installer-cleanup (20151021+4) ...

WARNING: The '--no-runlevel-check' option is deprecated:  nvidia-installer will
    ignore this option.


Welcome to the NVIDIA Software Installer for Unix/Linux

Detected 8 CPUs online; setting concurrency level to 8.

If you plan to no longer use the NVIDIA driver, you should make sure that no X
screens are configured to use the NVIDIA X driver in your X configuration file.
If you used nvidia-xconfig to configure X, it may have created a backup of your
original configuration. Would you like to run `nvidia-xconfig
--restore-original-backup` to attempt restoration of the original X
configuration file?
 [default: (N)o]: 

然後我輸入 y 並按輸入鍵,它就凍結了。即使一個小時後它也沒有完成,彈出的進度條也沒有移動。是我的圖形嗎?如何在不重新安裝作業系統的情況下完全刪除所有內容並重新安裝以從我的顯卡驅動程序開始?

這是“glxinfo | grep render”的輸出

direct rendering: Yes
OpenGL renderer string: GeForce GTX 1060/PCIe/SSE2
   GL_ARB_conditional_render_inverted, GL_ARB_conservative_depth, 
   GL_NVX_conditional_render, GL_NVX_gpu_memory_info, 
   GL_NVX_nvenc_interop, 
   GL_NV_compute_program5, GL_NV_conditional_render, 
   GL_NV_parameter_buffer_object2, GL_NV_path_rendering, 
   GL_NV_path_rendering_shared_edge, GL_NV_pixel_data_range, 
   GL_NV_shader_thread_shuffle, GL_NV_stereo_view_rendering, 
   GL_ARB_compute_variable_group_size, GL_ARB_conditional_render_inverted, 
   GL_NVX_conditional_render, GL_NVX_gpu_memory_info, GL_NVX_nvenc_interop, 
   GL_NV_compute_program5, GL_NV_conditional_render, 
   GL_NV_parameter_buffer_object2, GL_NV_path_rendering, 
   GL_NV_path_rendering_shared_edge, GL_NV_pixel_data_range, 
   GL_NV_shader_thread_shuffle, GL_NV_stereo_view_rendering, 
   GL_EXT_raster_multisample, GL_EXT_render_snorm, GL_EXT_robustness, 
   GL_NV_conditional_render, GL_NV_conservative_raster, 
   GL_NV_packed_float_linear, GL_NV_path_rendering, 
   GL_NV_path_rendering_shared_edge, GL_NV_pixel_buffer_object, 
   GL_NV_stereo_view_rendering, GL_NV_texture_array, GL_NV_texture_barrier, 
   GL_OES_fbo_render_mipmap, GL_OES_geometry_point_size, 

據我所知,我將首先嘗試解釋發生了什麼;-)。然後為 Debian 使用者提供一些使用者友好的提示。

為什麼您最初的命令不起作用?

Sudo apt install Steam 

該軟體包實際上稱為“steam”(全部小寫),它是一個 i386 軟體包,因此要安裝它,請發出以下命令:

sudo apt-get install steam:i386

從理論上講,這應該消除所有依賴項,並且一切都應該沒問題。

我怎麼知道,我沒有安裝 steam ?Google ;-)

要在 Debian 中查找軟體包,我發現的最簡單和最友好的方法是以下 Google 搜尋:

<package> site:packages.debian.org

在這種情況下:

Steam site:packages.debian.org

這是一個結果:“ https://packages.debian.org/stretch/steam ”,在頂部我可以看到它在哪個儲存庫中(非免費),在該頁面的底部,我可以看到哪個架構steam可用,即僅“i386”。

Package libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 needs to be installed 
Package libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 needs to be installed 
Running Steam on debian 9
64-bit STEAM_RUNTIME is enabled automatically Pins up-to-date! Error:
You are missing the following 32-bit libraries, and Steam may not run:
libGL.so.1

在這裡,apt 告訴您 steam 需要libgl1-mesa-dri:i386libgl1-mesa-glx:i386然後,它還會告訴您確切需要哪個庫:

libGL.so.1

同樣,我如何輕鬆找到如何安裝該庫?Google再次成為你的朋友:

libGL.so.1 site:packages.debian.org

我點擊其中一個結果,我看到libGL.so.1由以下人員提供:

libgl1-mesa-glx:i386

實際上,我不必Google,因為我知道libgl1(在包名稱中)是 libGL.so.1,但這有點幸運。

現在,apt 很聰明,這正是 apt 抱怨的軟體包失去了 ;-)。

如何在不重新安裝作業系統的情況下完全刪除所有內容並重新安裝以從我的顯卡驅動程序開始?

首先,您需要準備一個包含要執行的命令的文本文件,因為我們將使用控制台。

將以下內容放在一個文本文件中,將其儲存在您的主目錄中的一個名為 的文件中mycommands.txt

sudo apt-get remove steam
sudo service gdm3 stop
sudo nvidia-uninstall
sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver
sudo apt-get install steam
echo done

點擊Ctrl+Alt+F2,您現在應該在 tty2 上,輸入您的使用者名和密碼。接下來,我們source在我們的文本文件中執行命令(它會詢問您的sudo密碼):

. mycommands.txt

注意點(重要)。例如,如果您將文件放在桌面上,則必鬚髮出:

. ~/Desktop/mycommands.txt

接受 Steam 許可證,我希望一切都會好起來的。

引用自:https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/404861