複製整個目錄結構和/或骨架

我們如何複製整個目錄模板/結構或骨架？

由於沒有使用說明：

Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.

 -a, --archive                same as -dR --preserve=all
     --attributes-only        don't copy the file data, just the attributes
     --backup[=CONTROL]       make a backup of each existing destination file
 -b                           like --backup but does not accept an argument
     --copy-contents          copy contents of special files when recursive
 -d                           same as --no-dereference --preserve=links
 -f, --force                  if an existing destination file cannot be
                                opened, remove it and try again (this option
                                is ignored when the -n option is also used)
 -i, --interactive            prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous -n
                                 option)
 -H                           follow command-line symbolic links in SOURCE
 -l, --link                   hard link files instead of copying
 -L, --dereference            always follow symbolic links in SOURCE
 -n, --no-clobber             do not overwrite an existing file (overrides
                                a previous -i option)
 -P, --no-dereference         never follow symbolic links in SOURCE
 -p                           same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps
     --preserve[=ATTR_LIST]   preserve the specified attributes (default:
                                mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible
                                additional attributes: context, links, xattr,
                                all
     --no-preserve=ATTR_LIST  don't preserve the specified attributes
     --parents                use full source file name under DIRECTORY
 -R, -r, --recursive          copy directories recursively
     --reflink[=WHEN]         control clone/CoW copies. See below
     --remove-destination     remove each existing destination file before
                                attempting to open it (contrast with --force)
     --sparse=WHEN            control creation of sparse files. See below
     --strip-trailing-slashes  remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE
                                argument
 -s, --symbolic-link          make symbolic links instead of copying
 -S, --suffix=SUFFIX          override the usual backup suffix
 -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY  copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
 -T, --no-target-directory    treat DEST as a normal file
 -u, --update                 copy only when the SOURCE file is newer
                                than the destination file or when the
                                destination file is missing
 -v, --verbose                explain what is being done
 -x, --one-file-system        stay on this file system
 -Z                           set SELinux security context of destination
                                file to default type
     --context[=CTX]       like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the SELinux 
                           or SMACK security context to CTX

請給出好的指導

如果你的意思是你只想遞歸地複制目錄類型的文件而不是其他類型的文件，你可以使用pax(standard 但不能處理任意文件名，除非你使用非標準副檔名，我不知道任何兼容或可以處理任意文件名的開源實現）或cpio/ tar（常見但在實現之間語法不同，並且並非所有實現都能夠處理任意文件名或能夠複製所有元數據）或rsync（只有一種實現，但是一般預設不安裝）。

例如，將目錄中的結構（包括可能的元數據）複製$src到$dst目錄中：

使用 libarchive 的bsdtar：

(
 cd -P -- "$src" &&
   find . -type d -print0 | bsdtar --null -T - -cnf -
) | (cd -P -- "$dst" && bsdtar -xpSf -)

與rsync：

rsync -aAX --include='*/' --exclude='*' -- "$src/" "$dst/"

請注意，有些元數據只能root複制（可能是所有權和一些擴展屬性），另請參閱手冊頁中有關保留哪些擴展屬性的-X文件rsync。

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/675472