Filesystems

使用 LVM 永久掛載目錄

  • December 17, 2017

我成功地將一個目錄掛載到另一個路徑:

[michael@vps ~]$ mkdir /home/michael/devicefilexxx
[michael@vps ~]$ mkdir /home/michael/mountpointxxx
[michael@vps ~]$ sudo mount --bind /home/michael/devicefilexxx /home/michael/mountpointxxx

我看看它的樣子:

[michael@vps ~]$ cat /etc/mtab | grep xxx
/dev/mapper/centos-root /home/michael/mountpointxxx xfs rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota 0 0

好吧,掛載點看起來是正確的,但不是設備。我將設備指定為/home/michael/devicefilexxx,而不是/dev/mapper/centos-root。所以我看的更深一點:

[michael@vps ~]$ mount
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
devtmpfs on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=1009596k,nr_inodes=252399,mode=755)
securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,mode=755)
tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,release_agent=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-cgroups-agent,name=systemd)
pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/pids type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,pids)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_prio,net_cls)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuacct,cpu)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,hugetlb)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,relatime)
/dev/mapper/centos-root on / type xfs (rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota)
systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=34,pgrp=1,timeout=300,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct)
mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,relatime)
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime)
debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type xfs (rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=204060k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)
/dev/mapper/centos-root on /home/michael/mountpointxxx type xfs (rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota)

嗯,兩個設備在同一個掛載點?所以,我看看我的/etc/fstab

[michael@vps ~]$ cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Apr  8 14:15:42 2016
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        1 1
UUID=362355d4-e5da-44de-bf5c-5ce92cf43888 /boot                   xfs     defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

如果我希望在機器重新啟動後保持掛載,當然我不想將以下內容添加到/etc/stab

/dev/mapper/centos-root /home/michael/mountpointxxx xfs rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota 0 0

也許如下,但我猶豫這樣做,因為它與/etc/mtab告訴我的不同:

/home/michael/devicefilexxx /home/michael/mountpointxxx xfs rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota 0 0

如何永久掛載目錄/文件?另外,請解釋如何/dev/mapper/centos-root有兩個明顯不同的安裝點,因此必須安裝到不同的設備上。

編輯。備份資訊:

[michael@vps ~]$ lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   80G  0 disk
├─sda1            8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0 79.5G  0 part
 ├─centos-swap 253:0    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
 └─centos-root 253:1    0 77.5G  0 lvm  /
sr0              11:0    1 1024M  0 rom
[michael@lsblk ~]$

讓我嘗試一下/dev/mapper/centos-root,您在 Linux 中使用的就是所謂的邏輯捲管理。這就像您的文件系統的包裝器,與普通分區相比,它易於調整。您有三個主要的掛載點,從 /etc/fstab 中可以看到 root:

  • /,swap/boot

所以啟動的東西是在,並在/boot交換。文件系統的所有其他部分都在 中找到,並且映射到.RAM``swap``/``dev/mapper/centos-root

我的是:

NAME            FSTYPE      LABEL                       UUID                                   MOUNTPOINT
sda                                                                                            
|-sda1          xfs                                     f86877f2-5099-483f-a56b-24a772cf4863   /boot
`-sda2          LVM2_member                             uw2D4k-IsO3-0u2N-dKLz-utuC-tDn8-zwtaDT 
 |-centos-root xfs                                     e3faa70d-fc88-4951-8122-789e21a519f7   /
 |-centos-swap swap                                    95eaf3bb-7b78-418d-b14d-74206d89b3d9   [SWAP]
 |-centos-var  xfs                                     c35276a4-f8e2-4982-91fe-b0cd205601ff   /var
 `-centos-home xfs                                     c09e81c2-32e9-4ebd-a59b-caf57971a069   /home

正如你所看到的,我和你的名字相同,但我也創建了其他分區來映射到我的 CentOS 的不同區域。

我的/etc/fstab

/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=f86877f2-5099-483f-a56b-24a772cf4863 /boot xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-home /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-var  /var                    xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

長話短說,您創建的掛載位於/根分區中,因此它將映射到/dev/mapper/centos-root. 這就是它應該成為的樣子。

要永久掛載這些文件夾,請將此行添加到您的/etc/fstab文件中。當然,要備份原件,以防萬一出錯。

/home/michael/devicefilexxx /home/michael/mountpointxxx none bind 0  0

要查看更詳細的掛載點架構,請使用以下命令:findmnt

引用自:https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/411338