Fonts

ImageMagick（或其他）用於 UTF-8 文本到圖像

  • December 17, 2021

我正在嘗試使用創建許多單字元圖像convert。目的是為塑膠專家提供可列印到鍵盤鍵帽上的圖像。

ImageMagick 文件建議如下：

printf "\u2318" | convert -size 100x100 label:@- -font unifont-Medium command.png

或者

echo ⌘ | convert -size 100x100 label:@- -font unifont-Medium command.png

或者

convert -size 100x100 label:'⌘' -font unifont-Medium command.png

應該列印感興趣的地方符號，但它會產生一個問號。

我已經確認（使用charmap）unifont-Medium字型集實際上包含這個字形。我知道我係統上的其他字型也可以提供這個字形，因為我可以在安裝 unifont 之前看到它，但我無法弄清楚它們的名字是什麼。

我還嘗試使用 LaTeX（例如 TexLive 以及所有附加功能和utf8x軟體包），但不支持任何特殊字元。

有很多關於使用 imagemagick 和其他特殊字元列印漢字的論壇問題……以下對我有用：

convert -background lightblue -fill blue -pointsize 32 \
     label:' é è à ù ç Ö ÿ ‘ ’ “ ” ° ² ³ € x ÷ '    label_i8n.gif

但它不適用於對我來說實際上很重要的 UTF-8 字元。

如何將任意 unicode 字元轉換為圖像？

更新：我放棄了，看起來像一個錯誤。相反，我創建了一堆腳本來生成和渲染 SVG，在此處開源：kinesis-dvorak

我嘗試了相同的命令並得到了相同的結果。

$ printf "\u2318" | convert -size 100x100 label:@- \
       -font unifont-Medium command.png

                                                                           渲染字型的 ss

更改為字母 G 的 unicode 可以正常工作：

$ printf "\u0047" | convert -size 100x100 label:@- \
      -font unifont-Medium command.png

                                                                           G

我會將這個問題發佈到ImageMagick Discourse 網站，看看為什麼會這樣。如果您不確定如何執行此操作或繼續，我可以提供幫助。

調試轉換

您可以添加-debug annotate開關以查看最新convert情況。

例子

$ printf "\u2318" | convert -size 100x100 label:@- -font unifont-Medium -pointsize 40 -debug annotate command.png
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.010u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 12
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.010u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 6.375; height: 14; ascent: 11; descent: -3; max advance: 24; bounds: 0.625,0  6.78125,8; origin: 7,0; pixels per em: 12,12; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.010u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 12
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.010u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 6.375; height: 14; ascent: 11; descent: -3; max advance: 24; bounds: 0.625,0  6.78125,8; origin: 7,0; pixels per em: 12,12; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.010u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 24
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.010u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 12.75; height: 28; ascent: 22; descent: -5; max advance: 48; bounds: 1.25,0  13.5781,18; origin: 15,0; pixels per em: 24,24; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.010u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 48
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.010u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 25.5156; height: 55; ascent: 43; descent: -10; max advance: 96; bounds: 2.48438,0  27.1406,35.5; origin: 29,0; pixels per em: 48,48; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.010u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 96
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 53.0312; height: 110; ascent: 87; descent: -20; max advance: 192; bounds: 4.96875,0  54.2812,70; origin: 59,0; pixels per em: 96,96; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 96
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 53.0312; height: 110; ascent: 87; descent: -20; max advance: 192; bounds: 4.96875,0  54.2812,70; origin: 59,0; pixels per em: 96,96; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 95
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 52.0781; height: 109; ascent: 86; descent: -20; max advance: 190; bounds: 4.92188,0  53.7188,70; origin: 58,0; pixels per em: 95,95; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 94
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 51.1406; height: 108; ascent: 85; descent: -20; max advance: 188; bounds: 4.85938,0  53.1562,68; origin: 57,0; pixels per em: 94,94; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 93
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 51.1875; height: 107; ascent: 84; descent: -20; max advance: 186; bounds: 4.8125,0  52.5781,67; origin: 57,0; pixels per em: 93,93; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 92
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 50.2344; height: 106; ascent: 83; descent: -19; max advance: 184; bounds: 4.76562,0  52.0156,67; origin: 56,0; pixels per em: 92,92; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.020 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 91
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 50.2969; height: 105; ascent: 82; descent: -19; max advance: 182; bounds: 4.70312,0  51.4531,65.4688; origin: 56,0; pixels per em: 91,91; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 90
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 49.3438; height: 103; ascent: 81; descent: -19; max advance: 180; bounds: 4.65625,0  50.8906,65.4688; origin: 55,0; pixels per em: 90,90; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 89
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 48.3906; height: 102; ascent: 81; descent: -19; max advance: 178; bounds: 4.60938,0  50.3281,64; origin: 54,0; pixels per em: 89,89; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 88
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 48.4375; height: 101; ascent: 80; descent: -19; max advance: 176; bounds: 4.5625,0  49.7656,64; origin: 54,0; pixels per em: 88,88; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 87
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 47.5; height: 100; ascent: 79; descent: -18; max advance: 174; bounds: 4.5,0  49.1875,63; origin: 53,0; pixels per em: 87,87; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 86
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 47.5469; height: 99; ascent: 78; descent: -18; max advance: 172; bounds: 4.45312,0  48.625,63; origin: 53,0; pixels per em: 86,86; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 86
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/GetTypeMetrics/798/Annotate
 Metrics: text: ⌘; width: 47.5469; height: 99; ascent: 78; descent: -18; max advance: 172; bounds: 4.45312,0  48.625,63; origin: 53,0; pixels per em: 86,86; underline position: -5.0625; underline thickness: 3.35938
2014-04-10T09:37:04-04:00 0:00.030 0.020u 6.7.8 Annotate convert[16619]: annotate.c/RenderFreetype/1220/Annotate
 Font /usr/share/fonts/msttcorefonts/arialbd.ttf; font-encoding none; text-encoding none; pointsize 86

更新 #1 - 進一步調試

這個問題讓我很惱火，所以我想我終於弄明白了。問題是字型的選擇，它無法顯示特定的字形。

  1. 首先，您可以使用此命令查看您在convert. 所以讓我們從那裡開始。
$ convert -list font | head -8

Path: /etc/ImageMagick/type-ghostscript.xml
 Font: AvantGarde-Book
   family: AvantGarde
   style: Normal
   stretch: Normal
   weight: 400
   glyphs: /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/a010013l.pfb
   ...

上面顯示了一個範例，每個字型都有與上麵類似的線條。順便說一句，執行此命令顯示我們有數百種字型：

$ convert -list font | grep Font | wc -l
262
  1. 接下來，我們將\u2318使用我們擁有的每種字型來完成對我們的字元進行編碼的任務。這聽起來很複雜，但對於一些經過深思熟慮的通過 Bash 的襯裡來說是相當微不足道的。
$ for i in $(convert -list font | grep Font | awk '{print $2}'); \
   do convert -font $i -pointsize 36 label:⌘  ${i}.gif;done

此程式碼段將使用 for 循環遍歷每種字型，執行您的convert命令的修改版本。 3. 現在我們來看看結果。許多字型無法顯示這個特定的字形，但有幾個可以，這似乎表明它不一定是 ImageMagick 中的錯誤，而是字型本身的限制。這是我擁有的可以顯示此字形的字型列表。

  • DejaVu-Sans-Bold
  • DejaVu-Sans-Bold-Oblique
  • DejaVu-Sans-Book
  • DejaVu-Sans-Condensed-Bold
  • DejaVu-Sans-Condensed-Bold-Bold
  • DejaVu-Sans-Condensed
  • DejaVu-Sans-Condensed-Bold
  • DejaVu-Sans-Mono-Bold
  • DejaVu-Sans-Mono-Bold-Oblique
  • DejaVu-Sans-Mono-Book
  • DejaVu-Sans-Mono-Oblique
  • DejaVu-Sans-Oblique
  • DejaVu-Serif-Bold
  • DejaVu-Serif-Bold-Italic
  • DejaVu-Serif-Book
  • DejaVu-Serif-Condensed-Bold
  • DejaVu-Serif-Condensed-Bold-Italic
  • DejaVu-Serif-Condensed
  • DejaVu-Serif-Condensed-Italic
  • DejaVu-Serif-Italic
  • FreeMono-Regular
  • FreeSerif-Regular
  • STIX-數學-正常
  • STIX-正常
  • VL-哥特式-正常我直覺地瀏覽了整個 ~260 個結果.gif文件，以確定哪些有效，哪些無效。以下是其中一些有效的範例，以便您查看它們。

                                            ss1    SS2    ss3    ss4    ss5

參考

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/123802

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