Init-Script

如何更新初始化腳本

  • October 2, 2013

更新 ubuntu 系統的初始化腳本的正確方法是什麼？

我正在嘗試將我的 gitlab 版本從 6-0 升級到 6-1，升級的一部分包括替換 init 腳本。

升級說明 - 步驟 6

sudo rm /etc/init.d/gitlab
sudo curl --output /etc/init.d/gitlab https://raw.github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/6-1-stable/lib/support/init.d/gitlab
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/gitlab

我發現更新初始化腳本後，呼叫腳本什麼都不做。通常它會列印出 gitlab 服務的程序 ID

root@gitlab:/etc/init.d# /etc/init.d/gitlab status
root@gitlab:/etc/init.d# (notice how nothing happens)

#No gitlab process is running
root@gitlab:/etc/init.d# ps aux |grep gitlab
root      4519  0.0  0.1   9384   928 pts/0    R+   20:03   0:00 grep --color=auto gitlab

我已採取的解決此問題的步驟：

確保它是可執行的

root@gitlab:/etc/init.d# ll gitlab
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7195 Sep 28 19:29 gitlab*

跟踪腳本

   root@gitlab:/etc/init.d# strace ./gitlab
execve("./gitlab", ["./gitlab"], [/* 16 vars */]) = 0
brk(0)                                  = 0xb29000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fd33a1a8000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=22291, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 22291, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7fd33a1a2000
close(3)                                = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\200\30\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1811128, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3925208, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fd339bc9000
mprotect(0x7fd339d7e000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7fd339f7d000, 24576, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1b4000) = 0x7fd339f7d000
mmap(0x7fd339f83000, 17624, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fd339f83000
close(3)                                = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fd33a1a1000
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fd33a1a0000
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fd33a19f000
arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x7fd33a1a0700) = 0
mprotect(0x7fd339f7d000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x619000, 4096, PROT_READ)     = 0
mprotect(0x7fd33a1aa000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
munmap(0x7fd33a1a2000, 22291)           = 0
getpid()                                = 4459
rt_sigaction(SIGCHLD, {0x40f100, ~[RTMIN RT_1], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd339bff4a0}, NULL, 8) = 0
geteuid()                               = 0
brk(0)                                  = 0xb29000
brk(0xb4a000)                           = 0xb4a000
getppid()                               = 4458
stat("/etc/init.d", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
stat(".", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
open("./gitlab", O_RDONLY)              = 3
fcntl(3, F_DUPFD, 10)                   = 10
close(3)                                = 0
fcntl(10, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC)          = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, NULL, {SIG_DFL, [], 0}, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {0x40f100, ~[RTMIN RT_1], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd339bff4a0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, NULL, {SIG_DFL, [], 0}, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {SIG_DFL, ~[RTMIN RT_1], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd339bff4a0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGTERM, NULL, {SIG_DFL, [], 0}, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGTERM, {SIG_DFL, ~[RTMIN RT_1], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd339bff4a0}, NULL, 8) = 0
read(10, "#! /bin/sh\n\n# GITLAB\n# Maintaine"..., 8192) = 7195
stat("/usr/local/sbin/sudo", 0x7fffcbf518d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/local/bin/sudo", 0x7fffcbf518d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/sbin/sudo", 0x7fffcbf518d0)  = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/bin/sudo", {st_mode=S_IFREG|S_ISUID|0755, st_size=71288, ...}) = 0
clone(child_stack=0, flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|SIGCHLD, child_tidptr=0x7fd33a1a09d0) = 4460
wait4(-1, [{WIFEXITED(s) && WEXITSTATUS(s) == 1}], 0, NULL) = 4460
--- SIGCHLD (Child exited) @ 0 (0) ---
rt_sigreturn(0x11)                      = 4460
exit_group(1)                           = ?

我對 Cent 比對 Ubuntu 更熟悉，我聽到關於手動執行 update-rc.d 的不同意見。根據這個部落格的建議，我已經嘗試過了

root@gitlab:/etc/init.d# sudo update-rc.d -f gitlab remove
Removing any system startup links for /etc/init.d/gitlab ...
  /etc/rc0.d/K20gitlab
  /etc/rc1.d/K20gitlab
  /etc/rc2.d/S20gitlab
  /etc/rc3.d/S20gitlab
  /etc/rc4.d/S20gitlab
  /etc/rc5.d/S20gitlab
  /etc/rc6.d/K20gitlab
root@gitlab:/etc/init.d# update-rc.d gitlab defaults
Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/gitlab ...
  /etc/rc0.d/K20gitlab -> ../init.d/gitlab
  /etc/rc1.d/K20gitlab -> ../init.d/gitlab
  /etc/rc6.d/K20gitlab -> ../init.d/gitlab
  /etc/rc2.d/S20gitlab -> ../init.d/gitlab
  /etc/rc3.d/S20gitlab -> ../init.d/gitlab
  /etc/rc4.d/S20gitlab -> ../init.d/gitlab
  /etc/rc5.d/S20gitlab -> ../init.d/gitlab

不走運，腳本仍然沒有執行。

在 ubuntu 系統上還有什麼必須做的事情來升級初始化腳本嗎？

更新1：

查看 /var/log/auth.log 顯示：

vagrant@gitlab:~$ sudo su -
root@gitlab:~# /etc/init.d/gitlab status
root@gitlab:~# tail /var/log/auth.log
Sep 28 20:52:31 gitlab su[2205]: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user root
Sep 28 20:52:31 gitlab sudo: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Sep 28 20:52:34 gitlab sudo:  vagrant : TTY=pts/0 ; PWD=/home/vagrant ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/bin/su -
Sep 28 20:52:34 gitlab sudo: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root by vagrant(uid=1000)
Sep 28 20:52:34 gitlab su[2311]: Successful su for root by root
Sep 28 20:52:34 gitlab su[2311]: + /dev/pts/0 root:root
Sep 28 20:52:34 gitlab su[2311]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user root by vagrant(uid=0)
Sep 28 20:52:43 gitlab sudo:     root : TTY=pts/0 ; PWD=/root ; USER=git ; COMMAND=/bin/false -c /etc/init.d/gitlab status
Sep 28 20:52:43 gitlab sudo: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user git by vagrant(uid=0)
Sep 28 20:52:43 gitlab sudo: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user git

更新2

我已經對 6-0-stable 和 6-1-stable 之間的初始化腳本進行了比較。它似乎是一個幾乎完全的重寫。

差異位於此處：

https ://gist.github.com/spudstud/6747146#file-diff-gitlab-init-scripts

你可以在這裡看到實際的 6-0 腳本：

https ://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/blob/6-0-stable/lib/support/init.d/gitlab

和這裡的 6-1 腳本：

https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/blob/6-1-stable/lib/support/init.d/gitlab

更新3

嘗試使用 bash -x 啟動腳本

root@gitlab:/etc/init.d# bash -x /etc/init.d/gitlab start
+ RAILS_ENV=production
+ app_root=/home/git/gitlab
+ app_user=git
+ unicorn_conf=/home/git/gitlab/config/unicorn.rb
+ pid_path=/home/git/gitlab/tmp/pids
+ socket_path=/home/git/gitlab/tmp/sockets
+ web_server_pid_path=/home/git/gitlab/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid
+ sidekiq_pid_path=/home/git/gitlab/tmp/pids/sidekiq.pid
+ '[' root '!=' git ']'
+ sudo -u git -H -i /etc/init.d/gitlab start
+ exit

成功，

看來該腳本必須以使用者“git”的身份執行。

要調試 bash 或 shell 腳本，執行它bash -x或編輯腳本並添加一行set -x. 這將顯示腳本中每一行在執行時的執行跟踪，以及變數賦值的值。

我發現了不需要更改初始化腳本的問題的解決方案。

gitlab 的說明指導使用者使用adduser --disabled-login. 我沒有使用adduserpuppet 添加使用者並將預設 shell 設置為 /bin/false 而不是 /bin/bash。

一旦我將 ‘git’ 使用者的 shell 更改為 /bin/bash，init 腳本就會再次開始正常工作。

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/92783

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