Kernel-Modules
(Buildroot) 如何自動載入模組
我想在啟動時載入一些額外的模組。
這可以從命令行正常工作：
modprobe -a i2c-dev modprobe -a snd-soc-pcm512x modprobe -a snd-soc-wm8804但我希望在啟動時完成此操作。我嘗試使用其中的模組名稱創建 /etc/modules、/etc/modprobe.conf 和 /etc/modprobe.d/i2c-dev.conf 等，但沒有運氣。
我正在使用 buildroot-2017-08，我認為它使用 kmod，並帶有 BusyBox init。
我可以創建一個 init.d 腳本，但我認為有一個特定的位置應該包含要載入的模組列表。
找不到許多經過完善和準備好的腳本。事實證明，Linux From Scratch (LFS) 有一些看起來不錯且易於使用的腳本。
我為普通的 BusyBox 初始化載入模組的解決方案：
/etc/init.d/S02modules
#!/bin/sh ######################################################################## # # Description : Module auto-loading script # # Authors : Zack Winkles # # Version : 00.00 # # Notes : # ######################################################################## . /etc/sysconfig/functions # Assure that the kernel has module support. [ -e /proc/ksyms -o -e /proc/modules ] || exit 0 case "${1}" in start) # Exit if there's no modules file or there are no # valid entries [ -r /etc/sysconfig/modules ] && egrep -qv '^($|#)' /etc/sysconfig/modules || exit 0 boot_mesg -n "Loading modules:" ${INFO} # Only try to load modules if the user has actually given us # some modules to load. while read module args; do # Ignore comments and blank lines. case "$module" in ""|"#"*) continue ;; esac # Attempt to load the module, making # sure to pass any arguments provided. modprobe ${module} ${args} >/dev/null # Print the module name if successful, # otherwise take note. if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then boot_mesg -n " ${module}" ${NORMAL} else failedmod="${failedmod} ${module}" fi done < /etc/sysconfig/modules boot_mesg "" ${NORMAL} # Print a message about successfully loaded # modules on the correct line. echo_ok # Print a failure message with a list of any # modules that may have failed to load. if [ -n "${failedmod}" ]; then boot_mesg "Failed to load modules:${failedmod}" ${FAILURE} echo_failure fi ;; *) echo "Usage: ${0} {start}" exit 1 ;; esac基於這個 LFS 腳本： http ://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/6.5/scripts/apds05.html
/etc/sysconfig/functions
#!/bin/sh ####################################################################### # # Description : Run Level Control Functions # # Authors : Gerard Beekmans - gerard@linuxfromscratch.org # # Version : 00.00 # # Notes : With code based on Matthias Benkmann's simpleinit-msb # http://winterdrache.de/linux/newboot/index.html # ######################################################################## ## Environmental setup # Setup default values for environment umask 022 export PATH="/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin" # Signal sent to running processes to refresh their configuration RELOADSIG="HUP" # Number of seconds between STOPSIG and FALLBACK when stopping processes KILLDELAY="3" ## Screen Dimensions # Find current screen size if [ -z "${COLUMNS}" ]; then COLUMNS=$(stty size) COLUMNS=${COLUMNS##* } fi # When using remote connections, such as a serial port, stty size returns 0 if [ "${COLUMNS}" = "0" ]; then COLUMNS=80 fi ## Measurements for positioning result messages COL=$((${COLUMNS} - 8)) WCOL=$((${COL} - 2)) ## Provide an echo that supports -e and -n # If formatting is needed, $ECHO should be used case "`echo -e -n test`" in -[en]*) ECHO=/bin/echo ;; *) ECHO=echo ;; esac ## Set Cursor Position Commands, used via $ECHO SET_COL="\\033[${COL}G" # at the $COL char SET_WCOL="\\033[${WCOL}G" # at the $WCOL char CURS_UP="\\033[1A\\033[0G" # Up one line, at the 0'th char ## Set color commands, used via $ECHO # Please consult `man console_codes for more information # under the "ECMA-48 Set Graphics Rendition" section # # Warning: when switching from a 8bit to a 9bit font, # the linux console will reinterpret the bold (1;) to # the top 256 glyphs of the 9bit font. This does # not affect framebuffer consoles NORMAL="\\033[0;39m" # Standard console grey SUCCESS="\\033[1;32m" # Success is green WARNING="\\033[1;33m" # Warnings are yellow FAILURE="\\033[1;31m" # Failures are red INFO="\\033[1;36m" # Information is light cyan BRACKET="\\033[1;34m" # Brackets are blue STRING_LENGTH="0" # the length of the current message #******************************************************************************* # Function - boot_mesg() # # Purpose: Sending information from bootup scripts to the console # # Inputs: $1 is the message # $2 is the colorcode for the console # # Outputs: Standard Output # # Dependencies: - sed for parsing strings. # - grep for counting string length. # # Todo: #******************************************************************************* boot_mesg() { local ECHOPARM="" while true do case "${1}" in -n) ECHOPARM=" -n " shift 1 ;; -*) echo "Unknown Option: ${1}" return 1 ;; *) break ;; esac done ## Figure out the length of what is to be printed to be used ## for warning messages. STRING_LENGTH=$((${#1} + 1)) # Print the message to the screen ${ECHO} ${ECHOPARM} -e "${2}${1}" } boot_mesg_flush() { # Reset STRING_LENGTH for next message STRING_LENGTH="0" } echo_ok() { ${ECHO} -n -e "${CURS_UP}${SET_COL}${BRACKET}[${SUCCESS} OK ${BRACKET}]" ${ECHO} -e "${NORMAL}" boot_mesg_flush } echo_failure() { ${ECHO} -n -e "${CURS_UP}${SET_COL}${BRACKET}[${FAILURE} FAIL ${BRACKET}]" ${ECHO} -e "${NORMAL}" boot_mesg_flush } echo_warning() { ${ECHO} -n -e "${CURS_UP}${SET_COL}${BRACKET}[${WARNING} WARN ${BRACKET}]" ${ECHO} -e "${NORMAL}" boot_mesg_flush }基於這個 LFS 腳本： http ://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/6.5/scripts/apds02.html
/etc/sysconfig/模組
i2c-dev snd-soc-pcm512x snd-soc-wm8804 snd-soc-hifiberry_dac（或任何你想載入的模組，顯然）
如果在 BusyBox 初始化中以這種方式載入模組有任何問題或問題，我相信它們最終會出現在下面的評論中；-)。
這取決於您使用的是哪個初始化系統。如果您已將 Buildroot 配置為使用 Busybox init 或 SysV init，則處理此問題的正確方法可能是通過 init 腳本。但是，如果您將其配置為使用 Systemd，則可以將帶有
.conf副檔名的文件拖放到要載入的每個模組中，/etc/modules-load.d/或者/usr/lib/modules-load.d/將要載入的每個模組單獨列在一行上，systemd 將在啟動時載入它們。