Linux 上 USB3 外部儲存的連接問題(UAS 驅動程序問題)
在 Ubuntu 15.10 上,當我想使用 NTFS 文件系統格式化通過 USB3 連接的外部 4TO 磁碟(在 StarTech USB/eSATA 硬碟底座上)時,我有很多I/O 錯誤,並且格式化失敗。
我嘗試了 GParted v 0.19,並在最新的 live CD 上嘗試了 GParted,但也遇到
gparted-live-0.23.0-1-i586.iso
了同樣的問題。之後,在 Ubuntu 15.10 上使用 GParted 和相同的 USB3 連接,我嘗試格式化為
ext4
,沒有問題。這真的很奇怪。因為不知道
mkfs.ext4
GParted用來格式化磁碟的工具測試磁碟是否喜歡(或不喜歡)mkntfs
,所以我首先假設問題與新磁碟有關。也許這個新磁碟引起了問題。所以我嘗試e2fsck -c
在這個硬碟上執行。在 Ubuntu 15.10 上,e2fsck -c
凍結在 0.45%,我不知道為什麼。因此,在同一台 PC 上使用另一個版本的 Ubuntu (15.04),我嘗試使用 StarTech HDD 擴展塢的 eSATA 連接來連接同一個 4TO 磁碟。這一次,
e2fsck -c
執行正常。幾個小時後,您可以看到結果:
sudo e2fsck -c /dev/sdc1 e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014) ColdCase : récupération du journal Vérification des blocs défectueux (test en mode lecture seule) : complété ColdCase: Updating bad block inode. Passe 1 : vérification des i-noeuds, des blocs et des tailles Passe 2 : vérification de la structure des répertoires Passe 3 : vérification de la connectivité des répertoires Passe 4 : vérification des compteurs de référence Passe 5 : vérification de l'information du sommaire de groupe ColdCase: ***** LE SYSTÈME DE FICHIERS A ÉTÉ MODIFIÉ ***** ColdCase : 11/244195328 fichiers (0.0% non contigus), 15377150/976754176 blocs
我不是
badblock
輸出專家,但這個磁碟上似乎根本沒有壞塊?那麼,如果問題不是硬碟驅動器,也許問題可以連結到
mkntfs
使用USB3?我還可以嘗試哪些其他測試?有關 USB 塢站的一些資訊:
➜ ~ lsusb ... Bus 002 Device 002: ID 174c:55aa ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1051E SATA 6Gb/s bridge, ASM1053E SATA 6Gb/s bridge, ASM1153 SATA 3Gb/s bridge ... ➜ ~ sudo lsusb -v -d 174c:55aa Mot de passe [sudo] pour reyman : Bus 002 Device 002: ID 174c:55aa ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1051E SATA 6Gb/s bridge, ASM1053E SATA 6Gb/s bridge, ASM1153 SATA 3Gb/s bridge Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 3.00 bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level) bDeviceSubClass 0 bDeviceProtocol 0 bMaxPacketSize0 9 idVendor 0x174c ASMedia Technology Inc. idProduct 0x55aa ASM1051E SATA 6Gb/s bridge, ASM1053E SATA 6Gb/s bridge, ASM1153 SATA 3Gb/s bridge bcdDevice 1.00 iManufacturer 2 asmedia iProduct 3 ASM1053E iSerial 1 123456789012 bNumConfigurations 1 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 121 bNumInterfaces 1 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0xc0 Self Powered MaxPower 36mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 2 bInterfaceClass 8 Mass Storage bInterfaceSubClass 6 SCSI bInterfaceProtocol 80 Bulk-Only iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0400 1x 1024 bytes bInterval 0 bMaxBurst 15 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x02 EP 2 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0400 1x 1024 bytes bInterval 0 bMaxBurst 15 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 1 bNumEndpoints 4 bInterfaceClass 8 Mass Storage bInterfaceSubClass 6 SCSI bInterfaceProtocol 98 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0400 1x 1024 bytes bInterval 0 bMaxBurst 15 MaxStreams 16 Data-in pipe (0x03) Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x02 EP 2 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0400 1x 1024 bytes bInterval 0 bMaxBurst 15 MaxStreams 16 Data-out pipe (0x04) Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x83 EP 3 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0400 1x 1024 bytes bInterval 0 bMaxBurst 15 MaxStreams 16 Status pipe (0x02) Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x04 EP 4 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0400 1x 1024 bytes bInterval 0 bMaxBurst 0 Command pipe (0x01) Binary Object Store Descriptor: bLength 5 bDescriptorType 15 wTotalLength 22 bNumDeviceCaps 2 USB 2.0 Extension Device Capability: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 16 bDevCapabilityType 2 bmAttributes 0x00000002 Link Power Management (LPM) Supported SuperSpeed USB Device Capability: bLength 10 bDescriptorType 16 bDevCapabilityType 3 bmAttributes 0x00 wSpeedsSupported 0x000e Device can operate at Full Speed (12Mbps) Device can operate at High Speed (480Mbps) Device can operate at SuperSpeed (5Gbps) bFunctionalitySupport 1 Lowest fully-functional device speed is Full Speed (12Mbps) bU1DevExitLat 10 micro seconds bU2DevExitLat 2047 micro seconds Device Status: 0x0001 Self Powered
有關問題磁碟的資訊:
/dev/sdd
➜ ~ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdd Disque /dev/sdd : 3,7 TiB, 4000787030016 octets, 7814037168 secteurs Unités : sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 octets Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 33553920 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: ACD5760B-2898-435E-82C6-CB3119758C9B Périphérique Start Fin Secteurs Size Type /dev/sdd1 2048 7814035455 7814033408 3,7T Linux filesystem
dmesg
返回很多關於磁碟的錯誤;看到這個摘錄:[ 68.856381] scsi host6: uas_eh_bus_reset_handler start [ 68.968376] usb 2-2: reset SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd [ 68.989825] scsi host6: uas_eh_bus_reset_handler success [ 99.881608] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#12 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 13 inflight: CMD OUT [ 99.881618] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#12 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 e8 c4 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 [ 99.881856] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#5 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 6 inflight: CMD OUT [ 99.881861] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#5 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 01 08 f0 00 00 00 10 00 00 [ 99.881967] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#4 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 5 inflight: CMD OUT [ 99.881972] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#4 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 01 08 00 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 99.882085] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#3 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 4 inflight: CMD OUT [ 99.882090] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#3 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 01 07 10 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 99.882171] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#2 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 3 inflight: CMD OUT [ 99.882175] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#2 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 01 06 20 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 99.882255] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#1 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 2 inflight: CMD OUT [ 99.882258] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#1 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 01 05 30 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 99.882338] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#0 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 1 inflight: CMD OUT [ 99.882342] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 01 04 40 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 99.882419] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#11 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 12 inflight: CMD OUT [ 99.882423] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#11 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 00 f9 00 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 99.882480] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#10 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 11 inflight: CMD OUT [ 99.882483] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#10 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 00 f9 f0 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 99.882530] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#9 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 10 inflight: CMD OUT [ 99.882532] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#9 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 00 fa e0 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 99.882593] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#8 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 9 inflight: CMD [ 99.882596] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#8 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 00 fb d0 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 99.882667] scsi host6: uas_eh_bus_reset_handler start [ 99.994700] usb 2-2: reset SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd [ 100.015613] scsi host6: uas_eh_bus_reset_handler success [ 135.962175] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#5 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 6 inflight: CMD OUT [ 135.962185] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#5 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 40 78 f0 00 00 00 10 00 00 [ 135.962428] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#4 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 5 inflight: CMD OUT [ 135.962436] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#4 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 40 78 00 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 135.962567] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#3 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 4 inflight: CMD OUT [ 135.962576] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#3 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 40 77 10 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 135.962682] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#2 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 3 inflight: CMD OUT [ 135.962690] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#2 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 40 76 20 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 135.962822] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#1 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 2 inflight: CMD [ 135.962830] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#1 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 cd 40 75 30 00 00 00 f0 00 00 [ 160.904916] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#0 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 1 inflight: CMD OUT [ 160.904926] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 29 08 00 00 00 08 00 00 [ 160.905068] scsi host6: uas_eh_bus_reset_handler start
我在這個論壇文章上找到了這個資訊,UAS 和新的 Linux 核心有問題嗎?網際網路上的許多地方似乎都知道這個問題,USB3 + Linux 在很多情況下似乎都有問題——但對於舊核心。在更新的核心上解決這個問題的任何想法?
我的核心是:
➜ ~ uname -r 4.2.0-16-generic
嗯,對於不同的 USB3 晶片,UAS 似乎壞了
ASMedia Technology Inc.
;您可以在此處查看更多資訊。我想這是我的問題,但我現在該如何解決,StarTech 擴展塢中的 USB3 實現使用的是哪個晶片?
我今天在 4.8.0 核心上遇到了這個問題。
根據this forum post它可以通過
$ echo options usb-storage quirks=357d:7788:u | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist_uas_357d.conf $ sudo update-initramfs -u
並重新啟動。
我在 Mint 18 上遇到了同樣的問題,但我發現的解決方案可能適用於 *Ubuntu 15/16 以及類似的 Linux 發行版。然而,對我來說,在 dmesg 中看到 UAS 錯誤後,我很快就遇到了無法恢復的系統鎖定。
我的機箱有一個 ASMedia ASM1053 晶片,這似乎與我的核心的 UAS 模組(4.4.0-72-generic)有問題。
經過一番搜尋,我結合了我找到的兩個解決方案:這個,YtvwlD 提到的和這個。
首先,您必須使用lsusb命令獲取設備的硬體 ID。一旦你這樣做了,找到你的外部/外殼/橋。它可能如下所示:
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 174c:5136 ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1053 SATA 6Gb/s bridge
在我的例子中,ID 是174c:5136。
之後,您必須在**/etc/modprobe.d/ 中創建一個文件,以便將正確的設備列入使用 UAS 的黑名單(這會導致問題),使用update-initramfs**更新 initramfs 映像,然後重新啟動以使更改生效。
$ echo options usb-storage quirks=174c:5136:u | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist_uas.conf $ sudo update-initramfs -u $ sudo reboot
當然,將“174c:5136”替換為您的網橋/機箱/外部的硬體 ID。如果正確完成,在重新啟動後連接設備時,您應該會看到來自dmesg的類似消息:
[ 93.985002] usb 4-1: UAS is blacklisted for this device, using usb-storage instead
從那以後,我的機箱就沒有任何問題。