Linux-Kernel
使用 Raspberry Pi 網站上提供的指南編譯核心時出錯
我在嘗試從原始碼編譯核心時遇到錯誤。我環顧四周，但沒有找到任何處理我所看到的錯誤的東西。
我正在使用Raspberry Pi網站上的指南來完成該過程，並且只是按照說明進行操作。我在執行 Raspbian Jessie 的 Raspberry Pi 2 板上將其編譯為 Raspberry Pi 模型 B（第一代）的核心。無論核心是用於原始核心還是 Raspberry Pi 2，都會發生這些錯誤。這是我正在做的和看到的：
pi@rpi4 ~ $ git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux Cloning into 'linux'... remote: Counting objects: 52876, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (50355/50355), done. remote: Total 52876 (delta 4013), reused 17588 (delta 1852), pack-reused 0 Receiving objects: 100% (52876/52876), 142.61 MiB | 3.87 MiB/s, done. Resolving deltas: 100% (4013/4013), done. Checking connectivity... done. Checking out files: 100% (49946/49946), done. pi@rpi4 ~ $ cd linux pi@rpi4 ~/linux $ KERNEL=kernel pi@rpi4 ~/linux $ make bcmrpi_defconfig HOSTCC scripts/basic/fixdep HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/conf.o SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.c SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.lex.c SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.hash.c HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.o HOSTLD scripts/kconfig/conf # # configuration written to .config # pi@rpi4 ~/linux $ time make -j5 zImage modules dtbs scripts/kconfig/conf --silentoldconfig Kconfig CHK include/config/kernel.release WRAP arch/arm/include/generated/asm/bitsperlong.h WRAP arch/arm/include/generated/asm/cputime.h .................... CC mm/frontswap.o In file included from include/linux/sched.h:27:0, from kernel/rcu/tree.c:37: include/linux/mm_types.h:209:8: internal compiler error: Segmentation fault struct page_frag { ^ Please submit a full bug report, with preprocessed source if appropriate. See <file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.9/README.Bugs> for instructions. CC [M] fs/9p/v9fs.o CC [M] crypto/ctr.o CC [M] fs/9p/fid.o CC mm/dmapool.o CC [M] crypto/gcm.o CC [M] fs/9p/xattr.o CC [M] fs/9p/xattr_user.o CC mm/slub.o CC [M] fs/9p/xattr_trusted.o CC [M] fs/9p/acl.o CC [M] crypto/ccm.o LD [M] fs/9p/9p.o CC fs/autofs4/init.o The bug is not reproducible, so it is likely a hardware or OS problem. scripts/Makefile.build:258: recipe for target 'kernel/rcu/tree.o' failed make[2]: *** [kernel/rcu/tree.o] Error 1 scripts/Makefile.build:403: recipe for target 'kernel/rcu' failed make[1]: *** [kernel/rcu] Error 2 Makefile:947: recipe for target 'kernel' failed make: *** [kernel] Error 2 make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs.... LD fs/btrfs/built-in.o CC [M] fs/btrfs/super.o CC fs/autofs4/inode.o .................... CC fs/fscache/netfs.o CC fs/f2fs/segment.o CC [M] fs/fuse/dir.o In file included from include/linux/mm.h:921:0, from include/linux/pagemap.h:7, from include/linux/fscache.h:23, from include/linux/fscache-cache.h:21, from fs/fscache/internal.h:31, from fs/fscache/netfs.c:15: include/linux/vmstat.h: In function ‘count_vm_event’: include/linux/vmstat.h:41:2: internal compiler error: Segmentation fault this_cpu_inc(vm_event_states.event[item]); ^ Please submit a full bug report, with preprocessed source if appropriate. See <file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.9/README.Bugs> for instructions. CC [M] fs/btrfs/raid56.o The bug is not reproducible, so it is likely a hardware or OS problem. scripts/Makefile.build:258: recipe for target 'fs/fscache/netfs.o' failed make[2]: *** [fs/fscache/netfs.o] Error 1 scripts/Makefile.build:403: recipe for target 'fs/fscache' failed make[1]: *** [fs/fscache] Error 2 make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs.... CC [M] fs/btrfs/uuid-tree.o CC [M] fs/fuse/file.o CC [M] fs/fuse/inode.o CC fs/ext4/extents.o CC [M] fs/btrfs/props.o CC fs/f2fs/recovery.o CC [M] fs/fuse/control.o cc1: internal compiler error: Segmentation fault Please submit a full bug report, with preprocessed source if appropriate. See <file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.9/README.Bugs> for instructions. CC fs/f2fs/debug.o CC [M] fs/btrfs/hash.o CC [M] fs/btrfs/acl.o CC [M] fs/fuse/cuse.o The bug is not reproducible, so it is likely a hardware or OS problem. scripts/Makefile.build:258: recipe for target 'fs/f2fs/recovery.o' failed make[2]: *** [fs/f2fs/recovery.o] Error 1 make[2]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs.... LD [M] fs/fuse/fuse.o CC fs/ext4/ext4_jbd2.o scripts/Makefile.build:403: recipe for target 'fs/f2fs' failed make[1]: *** [fs/f2fs] Error 2 CC fs/ext4/migrate.o .................... LD fs/ext4/built-in.o Makefile:947: recipe for target 'fs' failed make: *** [fs] Error 2 real 11m41.081s user 43m2.340s sys 2m1.510s pi@rpi4 ~/linux $ ccache -s cache directory /home/pi/.ccache cache hit (direct) 0 cache hit (preprocessed) 0 cache miss 0 files in cache 0 cache size 0 Kbytes max cache size 1.0 Gbytes如您所見，編譯過程在建構文件系統組件和模組時失敗。Ccache 似乎也沒有拾取任何文件。我看到它說可能是由於硬體問題導致的內部編譯器錯誤，但我不確定這是什麼。
問題是，我也一直在我的筆記型電腦上編譯核心和模組，這是一台執行 Ubuntu 並安裝了交叉編譯工具鏈的 x86-64 機器。筆記型電腦在編譯核心時似乎有更高的成功率。我會用它來完成這項工作，但我正在研究一個在 Raspberry Pi 本身上編譯時更有意義的項目。我一直在尋找解決方案，但似乎找不到，而且它阻礙了一個相當重要的（對我而言）項目。
不幸的是，這似乎是一個更系統範圍的問題。重新安裝作業系統解決了這個問題，我使用 NOOBS 代替或直接對作業系統進行映像。不是最優雅的解決方案，但你有它。