Linux
Grub 在啟動時未載入
我剛剛安裝了 Fedora，在 Windows 10 之前我只有一個分區。
當我執行 grub2-mkconfig 時，它會辨識我的所有分區，包括 Windows，但是在啟動時 grub 沒有載入，我不知道為什麼。
這是 bootinfoscript 的結果：
[root@localhost Téléchargements]# cat RESULTS1.txt Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img, but core.img can not be found at this location. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /bootmgr /Windows/System32/winload.exe sda3: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Boot files: /grub2/grub.cfg sda4: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: LVM2_member Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: fedora-root': __________________________________________________________________ File system: Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: Mounting failed: mount: type de système de fichiers « » inconnu fedora-home': __________________________________________________________________ File system: Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: Mounting failed: mount: type de système de fichiers « » inconnu mount: type de système de fichiers « » inconnu fedora-swap': __________________________________________________________________ File system: Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: Mounting failed: mount: type de système de fichiers « » inconnu mount: type de système de fichiers « » inconnu mount: type de système de fichiers « » inconnu ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Disque /dev/sda : 465,8 GiB, 500107862016 octets, 976773168 secteurs Unités : secteur de 1 × 512 = 512 octets Taille de secteur (logique / physique) : 512 octets / 4096 octets taille d'E/S (minimale / optimale) : 4096 octets / 4096 octets Type d'étiquette de disque : dos Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 2,048 1,026,047 1,024,000 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda2 1,026,048 567,171,071 566,145,024 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda3 567,171,072 568,195,071 1,024,000 83 Linux /dev/sda4 568,195,072 976,773,119 408,578,048 5 Extended /dev/sda5 568,197,120 976,773,119 408,576,000 8e Linux LVM "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/mapper/fedora-home 00bfc56c-294f-4046-bba2-99fb30e4a4a8 ext4 /dev/mapper/fedora-root ac8b6fdd-f61e-4d57-816d-e6c622da2bcf ext4 /dev/mapper/fedora-swap 3f5cc25c-8d06-4e62-9b82-60d22cd4f5a9 swap /dev/sda1 F0B493D7B4939EA2 ntfs System Reserved /dev/sda2 0C289A0B2899F3C4 ntfs /dev/sda3 fe45d0e2-0249-4a07-8b63-bc77355f0f36 ext4 /dev/sda5 Zxdt6P-yzEx-TPNV-AL2Z-whcG-wmGd-TF7Zh1 LVM2_member ========================= "ls -R /dev/mapper/" output: ========================= /dev/mapper: control fedora-home fedora-root fedora-swap ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/mapper/fedora-home /home ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,data=ordered) /dev/mapper/fedora-root / ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,data=ordered) /dev/sda3 /boot ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,stripe=4,data=ordered) ============================= sda3/grub2/grub.cfg: ============================= -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub2-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### set pager=1 if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then load_env fi if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then set default="${next_entry}" set next_entry= save_env next_entry set boot_once=true else set default="${saved_entry}" fi if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then menuentry_id_option="--id" else menuentry_id_option="" fi export menuentry_id_option if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function load_video { if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then insmod all_video else insmod efi_gop insmod efi_uga insmod ieee1275_fb insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus fi } terminal_output console if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then set timeout_style=menu set timeout=5 # Fallback normal timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is # unavailable. else set timeout=5 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Fedora (4.0.4-301.fc22.x86_64) 22 (Twenty Two)' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.0.4-301.fc22.x86_64-advanced-ac8b6fdd-f61e-4d57-816d-e6c622da2bcf' { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos3' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos3 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos3 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos3 --hint='hd0,msdos3' fe45d0e2-0249-4a07-8b63-bc77355f0f36 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fe45d0e2-0249-4a07-8b63-bc77355f0f36 fi linux16 /vmlinuz-4.0.4-301.fc22.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root nomodeset rhgb quiet initrd16 /initramfs-4.0.4-301.fc22.x86_64.img } menuentry 'Fedora (0-rescue-cd6ce6bdaccc46a5abc4622660518663) 22 (Twenty Two)' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-0-rescue-cd6ce6bdaccc46a5abc4622660518663-advanced-ac8b6fdd-f61e-4d57-816d-e6c622da2bcf' { load_video insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos3' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos3 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos3 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos3 --hint='hd0,msdos3' fe45d0e2-0249-4a07-8b63-bc77355f0f36 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fe45d0e2-0249-4a07-8b63-bc77355f0f36 fi linux16 /vmlinuz-0-rescue-cd6ce6bdaccc46a5abc4622660518663 root=/dev/mapper/fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root nomodeset rhgb quiet initrd16 /initramfs-0-rescue-cd6ce6bdaccc46a5abc4622660518663.img } if [ "x$default" = 'Fedora (4.0.4-301.fc22.x86_64) 22 (Twenty Two)' ]; then default='Advanced options for Fedora>Fedora (4.0.4-301.fc22.x86_64) 22 (Twenty Two)'; fi; ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_ppc_terminfo ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_ppc_terminfo ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### menuentry 'Windows Recovery Environment (loader) (on /dev/sda1)' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-chain-F0B493D7B4939EA2' { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 --hint='hd0,msdos1' F0B493D7B4939EA2 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root F0B493D7B4939EA2 fi parttool ${root} hidden- drivemap -s (hd0) ${root} chainloader +1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =================== sda3: Location of files loaded by Grub: ==================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) ================= sda3: Location of files loaded by Syslinux: ================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) ============== sda3: Version of COM32(R) files used by Syslinux: =============== extlinux/cat.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/chain.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/cmd.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/cmenu.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/config.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/cptime.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/cpu.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/cpuid.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/cpuidtest.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/debug.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/dhcp.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/disk.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/dmi.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/dmitest.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/elf.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/ethersel.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/gfxboot.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/gpxecmd.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/hdt.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/hexdump.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/host.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/ifcpu64.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/ifcpu.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/ifmemdsk.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/ifplop.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/kbdmap.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/kontron_wdt.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/ldlinux.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/lfs.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/libcom32.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/libgpl.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/liblua.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/libmenu.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/libutil.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/linux.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/ls.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/lua.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/mboot.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/meminfo.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/menu.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/pci.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/pcitest.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/pmload.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/poweroff.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/prdhcp.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/pwd.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/pxechn.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/reboot.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/rosh.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/sanboot.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/sdi.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/sysdump.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/syslinux.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/vesa.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/vesainfo.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/vesamenu.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/vpdtest.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/whichsys.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module extlinux/zzjson.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module ======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ======================== Unknown BootLoader on fedora-root' Unknown BootLoader on fedora-home' Unknown BootLoader on fedora-swap' =============================== StdErr Messages: =============================== cat: /tmp/BootInfo-u5y24xBB/Tmp_Log: Aucun fichier ou dossier de ce type cat: /tmp/BootInfo-u5y24xBB/Tmp_Log: Aucun fichier ou dossier de ce type Failed to find logical volume "fedora/root'" Failed to find logical volume "fedora/root'" Failed to find logical volume "fedora/root'" hexdump: /dev/mapper/fedora-root': Aucun fichier ou dossier de ce type hexdump: stdin: Mauvais descripteur de fichier hexdump: /dev/mapper/fedora-root': Aucun fichier ou dossier de ce type hexdump: échec de tous les arguments de fichier d'entrée Failed to find logical volume "fedora/home'" Failed to find logical volume "fedora/home'" Failed to find logical volume "fedora/home'" hexdump: /dev/mapper/fedora-home': Aucun fichier ou dossier de ce type hexdump: stdin: Mauvais descripteur de fichier hexdump: /dev/mapper/fedora-home': Aucun fichier ou dossier de ce type hexdump: échec de tous les arguments de fichier d'entrée Failed to find logical volume "fedora/swap'" Failed to find logical volume "fedora/swap'" Failed to find logical volume "fedora/swap'" hexdump: /dev/mapper/fedora-swap': Aucun fichier ou dossier de ce type hexdump: stdin: Mauvais descripteur de fichier hexdump: /dev/mapper/fedora-swap': Aucun fichier ou dossier de ce type hexdump: échec de tous les arguments de fichier d'entrée mdadm: No arrays found in config file or automatically知道問題所在嗎？
問題似乎就在這裡：
=> Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img, but core.img can not be found at this location.您需要使用 grub-install 將 grub 重新安裝到 MBR 中。
該過程將根據您的特定設置而有所不同，但大致如下：
- 使用安裝程序或救援 CD 啟動
- 進入根外殼
- 將根分區掛載為 /target
- 將引導分區掛載為 /target/boot
- 在 /target 下綁定掛載 /dev、/sys 和 /proc，例如：
for i in proc dev sys ; do mount -o bind /$i /target/$i ; done
chroot /targetgrub-install /dev/sdaexitfor i in /proc /dev /sys /boot /; do umount /target$i ; done- 重啟