Linux
如何檢查是否安裝了共享庫？
我的問題源於我在啟動 ffmpeg 時遇到的問題。我已經安裝了ffmpeg，它顯示為已安裝：
whereis ffmpeg ffmpeg: /usr/bin/ffmpeg /usr/bin/X11/ffmpeg /usr/share/ffmpeg /usr/share/man/man1/ffmpeg.1.gz後來，我發現有些程序依賴於安裝本身不附帶的庫，所以我用 ldd 命令檢查了缺少的內容：
# ldd /usr/bin/ffmpeg linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff71fe9000) libavfilter.so.0 => not found libpostproc.so.51 => not found libswscale.so.0 => not found libavdevice.so.52 => not found libavformat.so.52 => not found libavcodec.so.52 => not found libavutil.so.49 => not found libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f5f20bdf000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f5f209c0000) libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f5f205fb000) /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f5f20f09000)事實證明，我的 ffmpeg 也被 7 個庫切斷了。我首先認為必須安裝這些庫中的每一個，但我發現可能安裝了一些或全部，但它們的位置對於 ffmpeg 是未知的。我讀到 /etc/ld.so.conf 和 /etc/ld.so.cache 包含庫的路徑，但我很困惑，因為只有一行
/etc/ld.so.conf cat /etc/ld.so.conf include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf但是很長
/etc/ld.so.cache。我現在處於迷失如何進一步調查的地步，下一步可能有助於弄清楚我如何確定是否確實安裝了給定的庫，即使它的位置對於 ffmpeg 來說是未知的。
---------Output---of----apt-cache-policy-----request--------- apt-cache policy Package files: 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status release a=now 500 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ trusty/partner Translation-en 500 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ trusty/partner i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Canonical,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Partner archive,c=partner origin archive.canonical.com 500 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ trusty/partner amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Canonical,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Partner archive,c=partner origin archive.canonical.com 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/universe Translation-en 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/restricted Translation-en 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/multiverse Translation-en 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main Translation-en 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/multiverse i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse origin security.ubuntu.com 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/universe i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=universe origin security.ubuntu.com 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/restricted i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted origin security.ubuntu.com 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=main origin security.ubuntu.com 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/multiverse amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse origin security.ubuntu.com 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/universe amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=universe origin security.ubuntu.com 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/restricted amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted origin security.ubuntu.com 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-security,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=main origin security.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/universe Translation-en 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/restricted Translation-en 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/multiverse Translation-en 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main Translation-en 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/multiverse i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/universe i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=universe origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/restricted i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=main origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/universe amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=universe origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/restricted amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty-updates,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=main origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe Translation-en 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/restricted Translation-en 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/multiverse Translation-en 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main Translation-en 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/multiverse i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=universe origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/restricted i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=main origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/multiverse amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=universe origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/restricted amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted origin archive.ubuntu.com 500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages release v=14.04,o=Ubuntu,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Ubuntu,c=main origin archive.ubuntu.com 700 http://extra.linuxmint.com/ rebecca/main i386 Packages release v=17.1,o=linuxmint,a=rebecca,n=rebecca,l=linuxmint,c=main origin extra.linuxmint.com 700 http://extra.linuxmint.com/ rebecca/main amd64 Packages release v=17.1,o=linuxmint,a=rebecca,n=rebecca,l=linuxmint,c=main origin extra.linuxmint.com 700 http://packages.linuxmint.com/ rebecca/import i386 Packages release v=17.1,o=linuxmint,a=rebecca,n=rebecca,l=linuxmint,c=import origin packages.linuxmint.com 700 http://packages.linuxmint.com/ rebecca/upstream i386 Packages release v=17.1,o=linuxmint,a=rebecca,n=rebecca,l=linuxmint,c=upstream origin packages.linuxmint.com 700 http://packages.linuxmint.com/ rebecca/main i386 Packages release v=17.1,o=linuxmint,a=rebecca,n=rebecca,l=linuxmint,c=main origin packages.linuxmint.com 700 http://packages.linuxmint.com/ rebecca/import amd64 Packages release v=17.1,o=linuxmint,a=rebecca,n=rebecca,l=linuxmint,c=import origin packages.linuxmint.com 700 http://packages.linuxmint.com/ rebecca/upstream amd64 Packages release v=17.1,o=linuxmint,a=rebecca,n=rebecca,l=linuxmint,c=upstream origin packages.linuxmint.com 700 http://packages.linuxmint.com/ rebecca/main amd64 Packages release v=17.1,o=linuxmint,a=rebecca,n=rebecca,l=linuxmint,c=main origin packages.linuxmint.com Pinned packages:
在 /usr/lib 和 /usr/lib64 中查找這些庫。如果您發現其中一個 ffmpeg 失去，請對其進行符號連結，使其存在於另一個目錄中。
您還可以查找“libm.so.6”並查看該文件的位置。ffmpeg 很有可能在同一目錄中查找失去的目錄。找到它們後，將它們符號連結到那裡。
如果它們在您的伺服器上不存在，請安裝包含它們的軟體包。如果它們包含在 ffmpeg 包中但您沒有看到它們，請嘗試重新安裝 ffmpeg。
您可以使用：
ldconfig -p | grep libavfilter如果沒有輸出庫則不安裝。我不確定這是否 100% 可靠。
至少在
ldconfig選項 -p 的手冊頁中：列印儲存在目前記憶體中的目錄和候選庫列表。