Linux
如何將列表中的特定文本轉換為大寫？
我想將來自以“
United”開頭的國家/地區的所有驅動程序名稱大寫。例如：
從
20 [United Kingdom] Nigel Mansell 188 31至
20 [United Kingdom] NIGEL MANSELL 188 31我正在使用的命令：
cat f1.txt | sed -r 's/[^ ]"United"\s+[A-Z]+[a-z]*]\s+[A-Z]+[a-z]*\s+[A-Z]+[a-z]*-?[A-Z]?+[a-z]?*/\U&/g'完整列表：
Rank Country Driver Races Wins 1 [United Kingdom] Lewis Hamilton 264 94 3 [Spain] Fernando Alonso 311 32 8 [United Kingdom] Jenson Button 306 15 11 [Netherlands] Max Verstappen 116 9 17 [United Kingdom] David Coulthard 246 13 20 [United Kingdom] Nigel Mansell 188 31 26 [United Kingdom] Jackie Stewart 100 27 27 [United Kingdom] Damon Hill 115 22 28 [Spain] Carlos Sainz Jr. 115 0 32 [United Kingdom] Graham Hill 177 14 37 [United Kingdom] Jim Clark 72 25 38 [Poland] Robert Kubica 97 1 41 [South Africa] Jody Scheckter 112 10 42 [New Zealand] Denny Hulme 112 8 47 [Switzerland] Clay Regazzoni 131 5 49 [Sweden] Ronnie Peterson 123 10 50 [New Zealand] Bruce McLaren 102 4 51 [Russian Federation] Daniil Kvyat 107 0 52 [United Kingdom] Eddie Irvine 147 4 54 [United Kingdom] Stirling Moss 72 16 58 [United Kingdom] John Surtees 111 6 59 [United States] Mario Andretti 128 12 60 [United Kingdom] James Hunt 92 10 63 [United Kingdom] John Watson 152 5 64 [Thailand] Alexander Albon 35 0 69 [United States] Dan Gurney 86 4 71 [United Kingdom] Mike Hawthorn 48 3 76 [United Kingdom] Lando Norris 35 0 78 [United Kingdom] Paul di Resta 59 0 80 [United States] Richie Ginther 52 1 85 [United States] Phil Hill 51 3 86 [United Kingdom] Martin Brundle 158 0 87 [United Kingdom] Johnny Herbert 161 3 89 [Sweden] Stefan Johansson 79 0 90 [New Zealand] Chris Amon 97 0 94 [United Kingdom] Tony Brooks 41 6 95 [Venezuela] Pastor Maldonado 95 1 99 [United Kingdom] Derek Warwick 147 0 100 [United States] Eddie Cheever 132 0 101 [Switzerland] Jo Siffert 97 2 103 [Russian Federation] Vitaly Petrov 57 0 104 [United Kingdom] Peter Revson 30 2 113 [United Kingdom] Peter Collins 36 3 114 [United Kingdom] Innes Ireland 52 1 119 [Sweden] Jo Bonnier 106 1 120 [Spain] Pedro de la Rosa 105 0 124 [United Kingdom] Mark Blundell 61 0 125 [United States] Harry Schell 63 0 127 [Sweden] Gunnar Nilsson 31 1 128 [Spain] Jaime Alguersuari 46 0 130 [United States] Jim Rathmann 12 1 132 [United Kingdom] Mike Hailwood 51 0 133 [Switzerland] Sebastien Buemi 55 0 135 [United Kingdom] Mike Spence 36 0 136 [South Africa] Tony Maggs 26 0 140 [United States] Masten Gregory 40 0 142 [United States] Sam Hanks 9 1 143 [United Kingdom] Piers Courage 27 0 145 [United States] Bill Vukovich 5 2 147 [United Kingdom] Tom Pryce 42 0 148 [United Kingdom] Roy Salvadori 48 0 149 [United States] Jimmy Bryan 9 1 153 [Sweden] Marcus Ericsson 97 0 159 [Switzerland] Marc Surer 82 0 160 [Netherlands] Jos Verstappen 106 0 161 [United Kingdom] Stuart Lewis-Evans 14 0 167 [United Kingdom] Mike Parkes 6 0 168 [United States] Rodger Ward 12 1 174 [United Kingdom] Jonathan Palmer 84 0 176 [Sweden] Reine Wisell 23 0 179 [United Kingdom] Jackie Oliver 50 0 180 [United States] Johnnie Parsons 10 1 181 [United Kingdom] Peter Arundell 13 0 185 [United States] Tony Bettenhausen 13 0 186 [United Kingdom] Cliff Allison 16 0 187 [United Kingdom] Richard Attwood 17 0 188 [United Kingdom] Peter Gethin 30 1 191 [Switzerland] Rudi Fischer 7 0 192 [United States] Johnny Thomson 9 0 194 [New Zealand] Howden Ganley 36 0 199 [United States] Troy Ruttman 8 1 200 [United States] Lee Wallard 2 1
你做得太過分了，利用你的文件結構來保持簡單！
如果我們
[United在一行中找到字元串，則從右大括號到行尾的所有內容都大寫會得到您想要的結果。將其翻譯成 Sed 語言，sed '/\[United/s/].*/\U&/' file請注意，以上內容特定於 GNU Sed。如果不可用但在 POSIX 系統中，您可以使用具有類似語法的Ex（或參見αғsнιη 的 Awk 版本）：
printf '%s\n' 'g/\[United/s/].*/\U&/' '%p' | ex file要將更改保存到文件而不是列印結果，請更改
%p為x.