Linux
Linux 作為具有多個 Internet 提供商的路由器
Linux 作為路由器:我有 3 個 Internet 提供商,每個提供商都有自己的調製解調器。
Provider1,即網關地址 192.168.1.1
連接到 linux 路由器eth1 /192.168.1.2
Provider2,網關地址192.168.2.1
連接linux路由器eth2 /192.168.2.2
Provider3,網關地址 192.168.3.1
連接linux路由器eth3 /192.168.3.2
________ +------------+ / | | | +----------------------+ Provider 1 +--------| __ |192.168.1.2 |192.168.1.1 | / ___/ \_ +------+-------+ +------------+ | _/ \__ | eth1 | +------------+ / / \ eth0| |192.168.2.2 | | | |Client network -----+ ROUTER eth2|--------------+ Provider 2 +------| Internet \10.0.0.0/24 __/ | | |192.168.2.1 | | \__ __/ | eth3 | +------------+ \ \___/ +------+-------+ +------------+ | |192.168.3.2 | | \ +----------------------+ Provider 3 +-------| |192.168.3.1 | | +------------+ \________
我想通過源 IP 將網路 10.0.0.0/24 中的客戶端路由到不同的網關。
客戶端網路的介面是eth0 /10.0.0.1,這是所有客戶端的預設網關。
例如:
10.0.0.11 應該路由到 Provider1 @ eth1
10.0.0.12 應該路由到 Provider2 @ eth2
…等等…
我想我需要使用
ip route
andiptables
來進行 SNAT,但我還沒有弄清楚到底是怎麼做的。這是我到目前為止的腳本。
啟用了 ipv4 轉發。
#!/bin/bash # flush tables ip route flush table connection1 ip route flush table connection2 ip route flush table connection3 # add the default gateways for each table ip route add table connection1 default via 192.168.1.1 ip route add table connection2 default via 192.168.2.1 ip route add table connection3 default via 192.168.3.1 # add some IP addresses for marking iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -s 10.0.0.11 -j MARK --set-mark 1 iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -s 10.0.0.12 -j MARK --set-mark 2 iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -s 10.0.0.13 -j MARK --set-mark 3 # add the source nat rules for each outgoing interface iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.1.2 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth2 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.2.2 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth3 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.3.2 # link routing tables to connections (?) ip rule add fwmark 1 table connection1 ip rule add fwmark 2 table connection2 ip rule add fwmark 3 table connection3 #default route for anything not configured above should be eth2
這是我們的一個路由器的類似設置(剪掉了一些不相關的東西)。請注意,這也處理傳入連接。
請注意使用變數而不是硬編碼的標記號。更容易維護!它們儲存在一個單獨的腳本中,並且來源於。表名在
/etc/iproute2/rt_tables
. 介面名稱設置在/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
.##### fwmark ###### iptables -t mangle -F iptables -t mangle -X iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j CONNMARK --restore-mark iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m mark ! --mark 0 -j RETURN # if already set, we're done iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i wan -j MARK --set-mark $MARK_CAVTEL iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i comcast -j MARK --set-mark $MARK_COMCAST iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i vz-dsl -j MARK --set-mark $MARK_VZDSL iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -o wan -j MARK --set-mark $MARK_CAVTEL iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -o comcast -j MARK --set-mark $MARK_COMCAST iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -o vz-dsl -j MARK --set-mark $MARK_VZDSL iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -j CONNMARK --save-mark ##### NAT ###### iptables -t nat -F iptables -t nat -X for local in «list of internal IP/netmask combos»; do iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s $local -o wan -j SNAT --to-source «IP» iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s $local -o comcast -j SNAT --to-source «IP» iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s $local -o vz-dsl -j SNAT --to-source «IP» done # this is an example of what the incoming traffic rules look like for extip in «list of external IPs»; do iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -d $extip --dport «port» -j DNAT --to-destination «internal-IP»:443 done
和規則:
ip rule flush ip rule add from all pref 1000 lookup main ip rule add from A.B.C.D/29 pref 1500 lookup comcast # these IPs are the external ranges (we have multiple IPs on each connection) ip rule add from E.F.G.H/29 pref 1501 lookup cavtel ip rule add from I.J.K.L/31 pref 1502 lookup vzdsl ip rule add from M.N.O.P/31 pref 1502 lookup vzdsl # yes, you can have multiple ranges ip rule add fwmark $MARK_COMCAST pref 2000 lookup comcast ip rule add fwmark $MARK_CAVTEL pref 2001 lookup cavtel ip rule add fwmark $MARK_VZDSL pref 2002 lookup vzdsl ip rule add pref 2500 lookup comcast # the pref order here determines the default—we default to Comcast. ip rule add pref 2501 lookup cavtel ip rule add pref 2502 lookup vzdsl ip rule add pref 32767 lookup default
路由表在 中設置
/etc/network/interfaces
,因此關閉介面使其切換到使用不同的介面:iface comcast inet static address A.B.C.Q netmask 255.255.255.248 up ip route add table comcast default via A.B.C.R dev comcast down ip route flush table comcast
**注意:**如果您也在進行過濾(您可能是),您還需要將適當的規則添加
FORWARD
到ACCEPT
流量中。特別是對於任何傳入流量。