Linux
Parrot Linux 開機黑屏，下劃線閃爍： Can get shell with ctrl + alt + F1
所以我最近移動了 Linux 交換分區，並調整了我硬碟上 Parrot 安裝的根分區的大小，以增加可用空間。使用 GParted 應用編輯後，我無法使用圖形界面啟動。而是在初始化後螢幕變黑，左上角有一個閃爍的游標。據我推測，這與 GRUB 中的錯誤有關。在過去的兩周里，我研究瞭如何解決這個問題的各種選擇，但沒有找到解決方案。在使用 Ctrl+Alt+F1 獲得 shell 後，我使用 apt-get、grub 和 initramfs 執行了更新腳本。還有一個可能與數組分割有關的錯誤。長話短說，我的一根 SATA 電纜連接到我的 CDROM 驅動器時也遇到了故障。更換後，
ata1: error:消息不再與 一起出現mdadm: No arrays found in config file or automatically，但是在bootinfoscript按照各種來源的建議執行之後，問題仍然存在。我在這裡不知所措，因為我嘗試了各種想法但沒有看到任何結果。以下是該問題的一些資源：
bootinfoscript:Boot Info Script 0.76 [13 April 2017] Identifying MBRs... Computing Partition Table of /dev/sda... Searching sda1 for information... Searching sda2 for information... Searching sda4 for information... Boot Info Script 0.76 [13 April 2017] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Grub2 (v2.00) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos1)/boot/grub. It also embeds following components: modules --------------------------------------------------------------------------- fshelp ext2 part_msdos biosdisk --------------------------------------------------------------------------- sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Parrot GNU/Linux 4.0 Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/i386-pc/core.img sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sda4: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Boot files: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: dos Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 2,048 697,952,255 697,950,208 83 Linux /dev/sda2 697,952,256 697,972,735 20,480 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 1,748,725,760 1,953,525,167 204,799,408 83 Linux "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/sda1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ext4 /dev/sda2 bff285cd-4db4-4ad7-8656-e86cf811808e swap /dev/sda4 8583fa2e-35fe-4064-a277-201e72982afc ext4 ========================= "ls -l /dev/disk/by-id" output: ====================== total 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jun 3 01:37 ata-ASUS_DRW-24F1ST_a_S10K68EF300420 -> ../../sr0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jun 3 01:37 ata-TOSHIBA_DT01ACA100_Y3GYH74NS -> ../../sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 ata-TOSHIBA_DT01ACA100_Y3GYH74NS-part1 -> ../../sda1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 ata-TOSHIBA_DT01ACA100_Y3GYH74NS-part2 -> ../../sda2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 ata-TOSHIBA_DT01ACA100_Y3GYH74NS-part4 -> ../../sda4 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jun 3 01:37 wwn-0x5000039ff7cd67ef -> ../../sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 wwn-0x5000039ff7cd67ef-part1 -> ../../sda1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 wwn-0x5000039ff7cd67ef-part2 -> ../../sda2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 wwn-0x5000039ff7cd67ef-part4 -> ../../sda4 ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/sda1 / ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered) /dev/sda1 /var/lib/docker/overlay2 ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered) /dev/sda1 /var/lib/docker/plugins ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered) =========================== sda1/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then set default="${next_entry}" set next_entry= save_env next_entry set boot_once=true else set default="0" fi if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then menuentry_id_option="--id" else menuentry_id_option="" fi export menuentry_id_option if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function load_video { if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then insmod all_video else insmod efi_gop insmod efi_uga insmod ieee1275_fb insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus fi } if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then font=unicode else insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 fi font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2" fi if loadfont $font ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm set locale_dir=$prefix/locale set lang=C insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then set timeout=30 else if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then set timeout_style=menu set timeout=5 # Fallback normal timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is # unavailable. else set timeout=5 fi fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 fi insmod png if background_image /usr/share/desktop-base/parrot-theme/grub/grub-4x3.png; then true else set menu_color_normal=cyan/blue set menu_color_highlight=white/blue fi ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="${1}" } set linux_gfx_mode= export linux_gfx_mode menuentry 'Parrot GNU/Linux' --class parrot --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' { load_video insmod gzio if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 fi echo 'Loading Linux 4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 root=UUID=b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ro noautomount quiet echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 } submenu 'Advanced options for Parrot GNU/Linux' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' { menuentry 'Parrot GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.16.0-parrot12-amd64' --class parrot --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64-advanced-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' { load_video insmod gzio if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 fi echo 'Loading Linux 4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 root=UUID=b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ro noautomount quiet echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 } menuentry 'Parrot GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 (recovery mode)' --class parrot --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64-recovery-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' { load_video insmod gzio if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 fi echo 'Loading Linux 4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 root=UUID=b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ro single noautomount echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 } menuentry 'Parrot GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.16.0-parrot5-amd64' --class parrot --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64-advanced-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' { load_video insmod gzio if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 fi echo 'Loading Linux 4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 root=UUID=b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ro noautomount quiet echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 } menuentry 'Parrot GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 (recovery mode)' --class parrot --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64-recovery-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' { load_video insmod gzio if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 fi echo 'Loading Linux 4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 root=UUID=b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ro single noautomount echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 } } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ### ### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =============================== sda1/etc/fstab: ================================ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation /dev/sda1 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation /dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =================== sda1: Location of files loaded by Grub: ==================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) 187.522518158 = 201.350770688 boot/grub/grub.cfg 3 4.466430664 = 4.795793408 boot/grub/i386-pc/core.img 1 190.794677734 = 204.864225280 boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 1 116.404052734 = 124.987899904 boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 1 190.794677734 = 204.864225280 vmlinuz 1 116.404052734 = 124.987899904 vmlinuz.old 1 7.262573242 = 7.798128640 boot/initrd.img-4.12.0-parrot6-amd64.old-dkms 3 131.342136383 = 141.027545088 boot/initrd.img-4.13.0-parrot4-amd64.dpkg-bak 2 185.904907227 = 199.613874176 boot/initrd.img-4.13.0-parrot4-amd64.old-dkms 1 19.698547363 = 21.151154176 boot/initrd.img-4.14.0-parrot13-amd64.old-dkms 5 55.503704071 = 59.596648448 boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-parrot17-amd64.old-dkms 1 91.322883606 = 98.057199616 boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 2 85.414760590 = 91.713400832 boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 4 91.322883606 = 98.057199616 initrd.img 2 85.414760590 = 91.713400832 initrd.img.old 4 =============================== StdErr Messages: =============================== mdadm: No arrays found in config file or automatically
** 使用 GParted 應用編輯後，我無法使用圖形界面啟動。而是在初始化後螢幕變黑，左上角有一個閃爍的游標。**
我有類似的問題，不完全相同，你可能想試試這個：
$$ Fixing the black screen after grub boot-up (screen/video settings mismatch) $$