通過匹配字元串替換文件中的字元串

我有一個文件如下

$vnic = "ocid1.vnic.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.abrg6ljrqwrgvdjuhhm55plktmxx7gz723mpcpuspa5rdmtd7spi5egww2ua";

$nsg1 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaawzei5sybgstutahgils36oohlvlpz76f7zdl7hvbi5oqzxtiw7va";
$nsg2 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaa6kjmsfkyxfkcorcys6zrgxtyjquwy7mla27n2hqdl4aqubkgd6dq";
$nsg3 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaavar4pef6iqnwuui6qjawxdz4ui3vs4tyges64isde6wufwi44cqa";
$nsg4 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaaaaxzwne6pnzzjku2ld6m77dt7lr2m2qc4ix3mmrzx5baux5s5n7a";
$nsg5 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaatxe7bmd5n24don5473nbutcg34some672big7iowyk5f7yjfnmrq";

我想在需要時更改$vnic, $nsg1, $nsg2, $nsg3,$nsg4的值$nsg5。我如何使用sed或者awk我想在每天更新它的 bash 腳本中使用它？

使用sed你可以試試這個：

sed -i "/\$some_field/s/\".*\"/\"$some_val\"/" file

例如，如果你想改變$vnic你可以使用的值：

some_val="fuzz"
sed -i "/\$vnic/s/\".*\"/\"$some_val\"/" file

使用/\$vnic/sed 命令選擇與 匹配的行$vnic。Withs/\".*\"/\"$some_val\"/會將匹配行中雙引號"（包括這些引號）之間的任何值替換為$some_val.

例如，如果文件內容：

$vnic = "ocid1.vnic.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.abrg6ljrqwrgvdjuhhm55plktmxx7gz723mpcpuspa5rdmtd7spi5egww2ua";
$nsg1 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaawzei5sybgstutahgils36oohlvlpz76f7zdl7hvbi5oqzxtiw7va";
$nsg2 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaa6kjmsfkyxfkcorcys6zrgxtyjquwy7mla27n2hqdl4aqubkgd6dq";
$nsg3 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaavar4pef6iqnwuui6qjawxdz4ui3vs4tyges64isde6wufwi44cqa";
$nsg4 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaaaaxzwne6pnzzjku2ld6m77dt7lr2m2qc4ix3mmrzx5baux5s5n7a";
$nsg5 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaatxe7bmd5n24don5473nbutcg34some672big7iowyk5f7yjfnmrq";

並且您應用some_val=fuzz ; sed -i "/\$vnic/s/\".*\"/\"$some_val\"/" file 該文件將使用以下內容進行更新：

$vnic = "fuzz";
$nsg1 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaawzei5sybgstutahgils36oohlvlpz76f7zdl7hvbi5oqzxtiw7va";
$nsg2 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaa6kjmsfkyxfkcorcys6zrgxtyjquwy7mla27n2hqdl4aqubkgd6dq";
$nsg3 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaavar4pef6iqnwuui6qjawxdz4ui3vs4tyges64isde6wufwi44cqa";
$nsg4 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaaaaxzwne6pnzzjku2ld6m77dt7lr2m2qc4ix3mmrzx5baux5s5n7a";
$nsg5 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaatxe7bmd5n24don5473nbutcg34some672big7iowyk5f7yjfnmrq";

如果要替換任何其他值，可以使用-eoption insed來避免多次使用相同的命令，例如：

some_val2=fuzz
some_val=buzz
sed  -e "/\$vnic/s/\".*\"/\"$some_val\"/"  -e "/\$nsg1/s/\".*\"/\"$some_val2\"/"

文件的內容是：

$vnic = "buzz";
$nsg1 = "fuzz";
$nsg2 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaa6kjmsfkyxfkcorcys6zrgxtyjquwy7mla27n2hqdl4aqubkgd6dq";
$nsg3 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaavar4pef6iqnwuui6qjawxdz4ui3vs4tyges64isde6wufwi44cqa";
$nsg4 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaaaaxzwne6pnzzjku2ld6m77dt7lr2m2qc4ix3mmrzx5baux5s5n7a";
$nsg5 = "ocid1.networksecuritygroup.oc1.ap-mumbai-1.aaaaaaaatxe7bmd5n24don5473nbutcg34some672big7iowyk5f7yjfnmrq";

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/718176