Nginx
讓我們加密 - nginx - OCSP 裝訂
我想在我的 nginx 伺服器中啟用 OCSP 裝訂。我正在使用
- nginx版本:nginx/1.6.2
- Debian
- 讓我們加密證書
我對這件事真的沒有經驗,所以這可能是一個微不足道的問題。
這是我的 nginx 安全配置
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; ssl_dhparam /etc/ssl/private/dhparams_4096.pem;
這是我的站點/伺服器安全配置:
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains; preload"; # All files have been generated by Let's encrypt ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/myexample.org/fullchain.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/myexample.org/privkey.pem; # Everything below this line was added to enable OCSP stapling # What is that (generated file) and is that required at all? ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/myexample.org/chain.pem; ssl_stapling on; ssl_stapling_verify on; resolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 valid=300s; resolver_timeout 5s;
我讀到這足以啟用 OCSP 裝訂。
但是如果我使用
openssl s_client -connect myexample.org:443 -tls1 -tlsextdebug -status
我會得到以下回复:
TLS server extension "renegotiation info" (id=65281), len=1 0001 - <SPACES/NULS> TLS server extension "EC point formats" (id=11), len=4 0000 - 03 00 01 02 .... TLS server extension "session ticket" (id=35), len=0 TLS server extension "heartbeat" (id=15), len=1 0000 - 01 . OCSP response: no response sent depth=1 C = US, O = Let's Encrypt, CN = Let's Encrypt Authority X1 verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate verify return:0 --- Certificate chain 0 s:/CN=myexample.org i:/C=US/O=Let's Encrypt/CN=Let's Encrypt Authority X1 1 s:/C=US/O=Let's Encrypt/CN=Let's Encrypt Authority X1 i:/O=Digital Signature Trust Co./CN=DST Root CA X3 --- [...]
尤其
OCSP response: no response sent
我究竟做錯了什麼?
證書層次結構:
DST 根 CA X3
讓我們加密權威 X1
- myexample.org
編輯:
OCSP: URI: http://ocsp.int-x1.letsencrypt.org/ CA-Issuer: URI: http://cert.int-x1.letsencrypt.org/
我根據在那裡找到的教程找到了解決方案:
cd /etc/ssl/private wget -O - https://letsencrypt.org/certs/isrgrootx1.pem https://letsencrypt.org/certs/lets-encrypt-x1-cross-signed.pem https://letsencrypt.org/certs/letsencryptauthorityx1.pem https://www.identrust.com/certificates/trustid/root-download-x3.html | tee -a ca-certs.pem> /dev/null
並將其添加到您的站點/伺服器配置中
ssl_stapling on; ssl_stapling_verify on; ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/ssl/private/ca-certs.pem;
重新載入你的配置
重要提示:打開您的瀏覽器並訪問您的網頁一次。
然後你可以使用這個 cmd 在本地測試你的伺服器:
openssl s_client -connect myexample.org:443 -tls1 -tlsextdebug -status
您很可能會得到這樣的有效回复
OCSP response: ====================================== OCSP Response Data: OCSP Response Status: successful (0x0) Response Type: Basic OCSP Response Version: 1 (0x0) Responder Id: C = US, O = Let's Encrypt, CN = Let's Encrypt Authority X1
不要擔心,如果你得到一個
Verify return code: 20 (unable to get local issuer certificate)
同樣在底部**,** Let’s encrypt 證書尚未在預設的受信任證書儲存中。(我沒有太多的ssl經驗,所以我可能錯了)
如果您在伺服器上執行以下 cmd,則不會顯示該錯誤:
openssl s_client -CApath /etc/ssl/private/ -connect myexample.org:443 -tls1 -tlsextdebug -status
之後,您可以使用以下方法測試您的伺服器:
https://www.digicert.com/help/
請注意,現在 ssllabs 測試不會獲取 OCSP 響應。我認為這是因為 Let’s encrypt 證書尚未在預設的受信任證書儲存中。
按照標準的 nginx 設置,您不需要指定
ssl_trusted_certificate
鏈。以下內容就足夠了:ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/myexample.org/fullchain.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/myexample.org/privkey.pem; ssl_stapling on; ssl_stapling_verify on;
有關更多上下文,請參見此處。