無法糾正問題，您在安裝 libvulkan-dev 時持有損壞的軟體包

sudo apt-get install libvulkan-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libvulkan-dev : Depends: libvulkan1 (= 1.1.97-2) but 1.2.162.0-1~bpo10+1 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

那怎麼安裝呢？

看來您過去已經做過類似的事情，但沒有以同樣的方式處理它：使用buster-backports。

如果您從buster-backports添加包，則必須繼續使用這些 backports 包，因為預設情況下不允許降級。您安裝的版本libvulkan1已經來自buster-backports，因此自動成為候選版本，因為它比簡單的buster版本更新。由於libvulkan-dev’ 版本與libvulkan1’ 版本同步（它們來自同一來源），因此您別無選擇，只能使用buster -backports。libvulkan-dev所以最後：

apt-get -t buster-backports install libvulkan-dev

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/648758