cron 腳本找不到 logwatch 和 chkrootkit

我有一個可能與PATH變數有關的問題。

這是我收到的一封關於在 cron 中執行的腳本的錯誤電子郵件：

Cron Daemon <mail.org>

   05:08 (15 hours ago)

   to root, bcc: me
   mail: Null message body; hope that's ok
   tar: Fjerner indledende '/' fra medlemsnavne
   mail: Null message body; hope that's ok
   /home/user/bin/checkSystem: linje 16: chkrootkit: command not found
   mail: Null message body; hope that's ok
   /home/user/bin/checkSystem: linje 21: logwatch: command not found
   /home/user/bin/checkSystem: linje 22: logwatch: command not found
   /home/uesr/bin/checkSystem: linje 23: logwatch: command not found
   mail: Null message body; hope that's ok
   mail: Null message body; hope that's ok
   mail: Null message body; hope that's ok

---

我剛剛將腳本的所有者從使用者更改為 root

$ls -sail /home/user/bin/checkSystem 
541784 4 -rwxr-x--- 1 root root 1235 aug 23 14:05 /home/user/bin/checkSystem

---

crontab -e

1 # Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron.
2 #
3 # Each task to run has to be defined through a single line
4 # indicating with different fields when the task will be run
5 # and what command to run for the task
6 #
7 # To define the time you can provide concrete values for
8 # minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon),
9 # and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').#
10 # Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system
11 # daemon's notion of time and timezones.
12 #
13 # Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through
14 # email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected).
15 #
16 # For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts
17 # at 5 a.m every week with:
18 # 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/
19 #
20 # For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8)
21 #
22 # m h  dom mon dow   command
23 0 5 * * 1 /home/user/bin/checkSystem

---

這是腳本：

#!/bin/bash
2 date=`date +%d-%m-%y`
3 mail="mail.org"
4
5 ## rkhunter
6 #rkhunter --update
7 rkhunter --checkall --cronjob --report-warnings-only > rkhunter-check-$date.log
8 mail -A rkhunter-check-$date.log -s "rkhunter-check" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
9 rm rkhunter-check-$date.log
10 tar -cf rkhunter-log-$date.tar /var/log/rkhunter.log
11 gzip rkhunter-log-$date.tar
12 mail -A rkhunter-log-$date.tar.gz -s "rkhunter-log" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
13 rm rkhunter-log*.tar.gz
14
15 ## chkrootkit
16 chkrootkit > chkrootkit-$date.log
17 mail -A chkrootkit-$date.log -s "chkrootkit" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
18 rm chkrootkit-$date.log
19
20 ## logwatch
21 logwatch --output html --detail High --range All > logwatch-all-$date.html
22 logwatch --output html --detail High --range Today > logwatch-today-$date.html
23 logwatch --output html --detail High --range Yesterday > logwatch-yesterday-$date.html
24 mail -A logwatch-all-$date.html -s "logwatch all" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
25 mail -A logwatch-today-$date.html -s "logwatch today" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
26 mail -A logwatch-yesterday-$date.html -s "logwatch yesterday" $mail < /dev/null 2>&1
27 rm -f logwatch-*.html
28
29 ## testing command
30 #echo "Just testing my sendmail gmail relay" | mail -s "Sendmail gmail Relay" mail.org

這是怎麼回事？

編輯：

(root@host)-(20:39:01)-(/home/user)
$which logwatch
/usr/sbin/logwatch
(root@host)-(20:39:06)-(/home/user)
$which chkrootkit
/usr/sbin/chkrootkit
(root@host)-(20:39:16)-(/home/user)
$which rkhunter
/usr/bin/rkhunter
(root@host)-(20:39:22)-(/home/user)
$

執行 cronjob 時，找不到“logwatch”。由於安裝了 logwatch，這可能意味著路徑中缺少它。您可以通過將“/usr/sbin”添加到 /etc/crontab 文件中的 PATH 來解決此問題。

如果您沒有編輯 /etc/crontab 的權限，另一種解決此問題的方法是直接在腳本中使用執行檔的完整路徑。

引用自：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/465179