Sort
如何對具有多個分隔符的文件進行排序？
列出 openSUSE 中的可用更新檔會產生以下輸出。
導致以下詳細資訊的命令是
zypper patches. 執行命令時也顯示相同的結果zypper list-patches -aLoading repository data... Reading installed packages... Repository | Name | Category | Severity | Interactive | Status | Summary ----------------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update | openSUSE-2018-1000 | recommended | moderate | --- | not needed | Recommended update for gnuhealth, proteus, tryton, trytond, trytond_purchase, trytond_stock_supply openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update | openSUSE-2018-1004 | security | low | --- | not needed | Security update for ffmpeg-4 openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update | openSUSE-2018-1005 | security | moderate | --- | not needed | Security update for chromium openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update | openSUSE-2018-1006 | security | moderate | --- | applied | Security update for okular openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update | openSUSE-2018-1007 | recommended | moderate | --- | applied | Recommended update for tigervnc例如，在嘗試使用命令對“狀態”進行排序時，會
sort -k 6,6 listing.txt | less產生以下輸出。----------------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Loading repository data... Reading installed packages... openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update-Non-Oss | openSUSE-2018-1082 | recommended | moderate | --- | not needed | Security update for opera openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update-Non-Oss | openSUSE-2018-1240 | recommended | moderate | --- | not needed | Recommended update for opera openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update-Non-Oss | openSUSE-2018-1294 | recommended | low | --- | not needed | Recommended update for Regina-REXX, THE, ooRexx openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update | openSUSE-2018-1000 | recommended | moderate | --- | not needed | Recommended update for gnuhealth, proteus, tryton, trytond, trytond_purchase, trytond_stock_supply openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update | openSUSE-2018-1007 | recommended | moderate | --- | applied | Recommended update for tigervnc Repository | Name | Category | Severity | Interactive | Status | Summary在使用 vim 中的語法高亮規則檢查分隔符是否是空格和製表符的組合時，它只返回空格。
:syntax on :set syntax=whitespace
似乎該文件可能使用多個分隔符。
- 確定正在使用的分隔符的最有效方法是什麼？
- 根據使用的分隔符對列進行排序的最佳和最簡單的方法是什麼？
這應該可以，除非您想保留標題：
tail -n +5 listing.txt | sort -b -k6 -t'|'如果文件經常使用空格（即它不混合and ），您可以省略(“ignoreleading blanks)
-b選項。sort``| applied``| applied但我想a）該程序可能有一些選項可以將其格式調整為更機器可讀的東西b）你會更好，例如。
awk -F'|' '$6~/not needed/'而不是sort.
你可以使用這個：
awk 'NR<=4 {print $0; next } { print $0 | "sort -k6,6 -t\\|" }' listing.txt它繼續
awk執行listing.txt；相反，您可以將數據輸入awk（listing.txt當然，最後省略）。-script 按原樣列印前awk四個標題行。其餘的行通過管道傳輸到sort.Sort對第 6 列進行排序，使用等於管道符號的分隔符對其進行標識。