Ssh
CentOS 本地使用者無法通過 FTP 登錄查看目錄/文件
目前使用 vsftpd 執行 CentOS 6.5。
我想解釋我的流程，然後從頭開始向我解釋正確的流程，我相信這將解決我的問題。
我目前能夠從我的“root”使用者帳戶通過 FTP 登錄到我的伺服器，但我知道這是不好的做法。所以我需要做的是創建另一個本地使用者/虛擬使用者（我真的不知道），以便能夠通過 FTP 訪問“/var/www”目錄。
（我只需要直截了當地說，我可以開始上傳網路文件，因為我是一名網路程序員，而不是系統管理員——但我對有一個專用伺服器感到非常驚喜。）
最初我創建了一個本地使用者，但只能通過 FTP 訪問“主”使用者目錄。所以我接下來嘗試通過 CHROOT (vsftpd.conf) 釋放該使用者。這有點工作；父目錄是可見的，但是通過 FTP 導航到它們後，一切都消失了（可能是權限問題，我不知道）。接下來，我嘗試重新監禁本地使用者，然後將其“主”目錄從“/home/”修改為“/var/www”。在嘗試這樣做之後，我 FTP 進入然後什麼也看不到，所以又失敗了。從那以後，我將使用者的“主”目錄返回到“/home/”，然後爬到 SOF 上，一頭霧水。
vsftpd.conf
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out). anonymous_enable=NO # # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. local_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. #anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file. # This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES # WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog # # Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files. # NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file xferlog_std_format=YES # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. #idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. #data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the # raw file. # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. #ascii_upload_enable=YES #ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). chroot_local_user=YES chroot_list_enable=NO # (default follows) #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES # # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction # with the listen_ipv6 directive. listen=YES # # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6 # sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files. # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !! #listen_ipv6=YES pasv_enable=YES pasv_min_port=50000 pasv_max_port=51000 port_enable=YES pasv_address=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx pasv_addr_resolve=NO pam_service_name=vsftpd userlist_enable=YES tcp_wrappers=YES任何幫助是極大的讚賞。
首先，我會在 /var/www/ 和我的家之間創建一個符號連結，它的作用是，當你登陸 /home/usr 時，你可以轉到 /home/usr/www，它會將你重定向到 /var/全球資訊網
例如。
cd /home/usr sudo ln -s /var/www www在 /var/www 上執行 ls -lrt
ls -lrt /var/www/現在確保您的 usr 是擁有 www 的組的一部分。這告訴你誰擁有該目錄，如果它是 root:root，這是一個不好的做法，取決於你的發行版，它可能是 www-data 或 apache 等。
cat /etc/group | grep -e apache -e http -e ftp -e www apache:x:48:如果 usr 在結果的末尾，則您的 usr 是該組的一部分如果您沒有擁有 www 的組並且它是 root:root 創建一個
groupadd www-data假設該組是 www-data
sudo adduser usr www-data現在讓您的使用者成為 www 的老闆
sudo chown usr:www-data -R /var/www設置www的正確權限
sudo chmod 0755 -R /var/www sudo chmod g+s -R /var/www