Systemd
postgresql.service 如何知道要啟動哪些 postgresql 實例?
我已經在 ubuntu 16.04 上安裝了 postgres 9.5,它創建
postgresql.service
和postgresql@.service
.我知道
postgresql.service
生成所有啟用的 postgres 實例,我可以使用模板文件呼叫特定實例,postgresql@9.5-main
但postgresql@.service
我看不到實例字元串(由模板中的 %i 或 %I 表示)的任何地方被路過postgresql.service
。如何
postgresql.service
知道啟用了哪些實例,以及如何將它們傳遞給 systemd 模板文件?
要回答這個問題,首先要檢查有問題的兩個文件的內容。如果您不確定在哪裡可以找到它們,您可以在包內容中搜尋
systemd
文件:dpkg -L postgresql-common| grep systemd
通過查看
postgresql.service
文件,您可以看到您根本沒有做太多事情:# systemd service for managing all PostgreSQL clusters on the system. This # service is actually a systemd target, but we are using a service since # targets cannot be reloaded. [Unit] Description=PostgreSQL RDBMS [Service] Type=oneshot ExecStart=/bin/true ExecReload=/bin/true RemainAfterExit=on [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
從評論中,我們了解到該文件被用作 systemd “目標”。轉到模板文件:
# systemd service template for PostgreSQL clusters. The actual instances will # be called "postgresql@version-cluster", e.g. "postgresql@9.3-main". The # variable %i expands to "version-cluster", %I expands to "version/cluster". # (%I breaks for cluster names containing dashes.) [Unit] Description=PostgreSQL Cluster %i ConditionPathExists=/etc/postgresql/%I/postgresql.conf PartOf=postgresql.service ReloadPropagatedFrom=postgresql.service Before=postgresql.service [Service] Type=forking # @: use "postgresql@%i" as process name ExecStart=@/usr/bin/pg_ctlcluster postgresql@%i --skip-systemctl-redirect %i start ExecStop=/usr/bin/pg_ctlcluster --skip-systemctl-redirect -m fast %i stop ExecReload=/usr/bin/pg_ctlcluster --skip-systemctl-redirect %i reload PIDFile=/var/run/postgresql/%i.pid SyslogIdentifier=postgresql@%i # prevent OOM killer from choosing the postmaster (individual backends will # reset the score to 0) OOMScoreAdjust=-900 # restarting automatically will prevent "pg_ctlcluster ... stop" from working, # so we disable it here. Also, the postmaster will restart by itself on most # problems anyway, so it is questionable if one wants to enable external # automatic restarts. #Restart=on-failure # (This should make pg_ctlcluster stop work, but doesn't:) #RestartPreventExitStatus=SIGINT SIGTERM [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
有趣的指令是:
PartOf=postgresql.service ReloadPropagatedFrom=postgresql.service
如果您不確定在哪裡可以找到
systemd
指令的文件,您可以檢查:man systemd.directives
. 從那裡,我們在man systemd.unit
.當您啟用服務時,您最大的線索是:
sudo systemctl enable postgresql@9.6 Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgresql@9.6.service → /lib/systemd/system/postgresql@.service.
把它們放在一起:
- 符號連結是如何
systemd
知道在伺服器啟動時啟動 PostgreSQL 9.6。PartOf=
和ReloadPropagatedFrom=
指令確保服務上的、 和最終stop
應用於start
所有相關的已安裝 PostgreSQL 實例。restart``reload``postgresql