Text-Processing

合併具有一個公共欄位的多行數據

  • December 1, 2016

我有一個包含 9+ 行數據的大文件,用分號 (;) 分隔,我想合併第 3 列中的數據(用 , 分隔)與第 5 列中的數據匹配的行。數據保存在 Linux 機器上並具有常用的 awk/perl 工具,但不知道如何使用它們

文件:

Domain Name;ID;Machine;Environment;ENV URL;Start Date;End Date;Disk Size;Used
orion.uk.localhost.com;XY01123;Machine-apache-ua01;uat;uat.orion.uk.localhost.com;5 August 2015 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2 August 2025 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2048;Internal
orion.uk.localhost.com;XY01123;Machine-apache-ua02;uat;uat.orion.uk.localhost.com;5 August 2015 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2 August 2025 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2048;Internal
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-dev1;dev;dev.matrix.localhost.com;16 April 2013 06:32:28 GMT+01:00;16 April 2018 07:02:28 GMT+01:00;1024;External
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-bcp1;test;test.matrix.localhost.com;2 April 2013 08:12:10 GMT+01:00;2 April 2018 08:42:10 GMT+01:00;1024;External
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-dev2;dev;dev.matrix.localhost.com;16 April 2013 06:32:28 GMT+01:00;16 April 2018 07:02:28 GMT+01:00;1024;External
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-prd1;test;test.matrix.localhost.com;2 April 2013 08:12:10 GMT+01:00;2 April 2018 08:42:10 GMT+01:00;1024;External
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-uat1;uat;uat.matrix.localhost.com;16 April 2013 07:06:33 GMT+01:00;16 April 2018 07:36:33 GMT+01:00;1024;External
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-uat2;uat;uat.matrix.localhost.com;22 March 2013 06:16:10 GMT;22 March 2018 06:46:10 GMT;1024;External
Upgrade.uk.localhost.com;IN022345;Machine-apache-pf01;per;per.Upgrade.uk.localhost.com;5 August 2015 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2 August 2025 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2048;Internal
Upgrade.uk.localhost.com;IN022345;Machine-apache-pf02;per;per.Upgrade.uk.localhost.com;5 August 2015 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2 August 2025 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2048;Internal

預期輸出:

Domain Name;ID;Machine;Environment;ENV URL;Start Date;End Date;Disk Size;Used
orion.uk.localhost.com;XY01123;Machine-apache-ua01,Machine-apache-ua02;uat;uat.orion.uk.localhost.com;5 August 2015 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2 August 2025 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2048;Internal
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-dev1,Machine-apache-dev2;dev;dev.matrix.localhost.com;16 April 2013 06:32:28 GMT+01:00;16 April 2018 07:02:28 GMT+01:00;1024;External
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-bcp1;test;test.matrix.localhost.com;2 April 2013 08:12:10 GMT+01:00;2 April 2018 08:42:10 GMT+01:00;1024;External
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-prd1;test;test.matrix.localhost.com;2 April 2013 08:12:10 GMT+01:00;2 April 2018 08:42:10 GMT+01:00;1024;External
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-uat1,Machine-apache-uat2;uat;uat.matrix.localhost.com;16 April 2013 07:06:33 GMT+01:00;16 April 2018 07:36:33 GMT+01:00;1024;External
Upgrade.uk.localhost.com;IN022345;Machine-apache-pf01,Machine-apache-pf02;per;per.Upgrade.uk.localhost.com;5 August 2015 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2 August 2025 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2048;Internal

任何關於如何合併的想法將不勝感激。

也許有更優雅的方式awk,但這裡有一個可能的腳本。

BEGIN { FS=";" ; OFS=";" }
NR==1 { print $0 }
NR>1 {
   if ( b[$5]=="" ) {
       a[$5]=$0
       b[$5]=$3
   }
   else {
       b[$5]=b[$5]","$3
       $3=b[$5]
       a[$5]=$0
   }
}
END {
   for (c in a) {
       print a[c]
   }
}

解釋:

  • BEGIN將分號設置為輸入和輸出欄位分隔符

  • NR==1只需列印第一行(標題),無需任何操作

  • NR>1對於其他行:

    • b[$5]是一個由欄位 5 值索引的數組,包含(增長的)逗號分隔的欄位 3 條目列表
    • a[$5]是一個由欄位 5 值索引的數組,包含修改後的行(即包含以逗號分隔的欄位 3 值)
    • 如果b[$5]未設置(此值的第一次出現),設置a[$5]為行和b[$5]欄位 3
    • 否則(b[$5]設置),將帶有逗號分隔符的欄位 3 添加到b[$5],將此行中的欄位 3 替換為 this 然後替換a[$5]為此更改的行
    • END對於數組的所有索引值ca列印數組元素(即所需的行)

我真的不知道如何awk對輸出進行排序,但這是我的結果:

Domain Name;ID;Machine;Environment;ENV URL;Start Date;End Date;Disk Size;Used
Upgrade.uk.localhost.com;IN022345;Machine-apache-pf01,Machine-apache-pf02;per;per.Upgrade.uk.localhost.com;5 August 2015 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2 August 2025 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2048;Internal
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-dev1,Machine-apache-dev2;dev;dev.matrix.localhost.com;16 April 2013 06:32:28 GMT+01:00;16 April 2018 07:02:28 GMT+01:00;1024;External
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-uat1,Machine-apache-uat2;uat;uat.matrix.localhost.com;22 March 2013 06:16:10 GMT;22 March 2018 06:46:10 GMT;1024;External
orion.uk.localhost.com;XY01123;Machine-apache-ua01,Machine-apache-ua02;uat;uat.orion.uk.localhost.com;5 August 2015 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2 August 2025 16:54:08 GMT+01:00;2048;Internal
matrix.localhost.com;XY6124;Machine-apache-bcp1,Machine-apache-prd1;test;test.matrix.localhost.com;2 April 2013 08:12:10 GMT+01:00;2 April 2018 08:42:10 GMT+01:00;1024;External

sqlite有嗎?我對如何加入行的理解正確嗎?

sqlite> .separator ;
sqlite> .import file.txt alldata
sqlite> select "ENV URL", group_concat("Machine") from alldata group by "ENV URL";
dev.matrix.localhost.com;Machine-apache-dev1,Machine-apache-dev2
per.Upgrade.uk.localhost.com;Machine-apache-pf01,Machine-apache-pf02
test.matrix.localhost.com;Machine-apache-bcp1,Machine-apache-prd1
uat.matrix.localhost.com;Machine-apache-uat1,Machine-apache-uat2
uat.orion.uk.localhost.com;Machine-apache-ua01,Machine-apache-ua02

或非互動式:

echo 'select "ENV URL", group_concat("Machine") from alldata group by "ENV URL";' \
 | sqlite3 -separator ";" -cmd ".import file.txt alldata" -batch

引用自:https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/327140