Ubuntu
獲取真實 IP 地址 Virtualbox 進行 LDAP 配置
我打算在我的 windows 機器上的兩個 ubuntu 虛擬機之間設置一個 LDAP 配置。
所以我使用 VirtualBox 在我的 windows 機器上安裝了兩個 ubuntu 16.04 虛擬機。現在我想獲得一個真實的 IP，這樣我就可以從任何地方連接到虛擬機。
當我使用
NAT它時，將 IP 設置為 10.0.4.14，當我選擇時，我Bridged adapter沒有Host-only Adapter任何網際網路連接。誰能告訴我在使用帶有 Ubuntu 16.04 的 Virtualbox 時如何獲得“真實”IP，以便我可以將此 IP 用於 LDAP？
流浪漢
我已經轉而使用 Vagrant +
Vagrantfiles專門使用 Virtualbox 來執行此操作。這是我使用的一個文件，它在我的筆記型電腦上設置了 2 個虛擬機。特點
Vagrantfile：
- 虛擬機是 Ubuntu 16.04 (xenial64)
- 虛擬機從 LAN 的 DHCP 伺服器請求公共 IP 地址
- 虛擬機將利用您的 Virtualbox 主機的 NIC 介面（參見文件）
centos/7如果要切換，我在文件中留下了圖像的名稱流浪者的資源
範例 Vagrantfile
$ cat Vagrantfile # -*- mode: ruby -*- # vi: set ft=ruby : ############## ### References # - https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/vagrantfile/machine_settings.html # - https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/vagrantfile/tips.html # - https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/networking/forwarded_ports.html ############## #unless Vagrant.has_plugin?("HostManager") # raise 'HostManager plugin not installed!' #end require 'digest/sha1' uniqID = "_" + (Digest::SHA1.hexdigest Dir.pwd()).slice(0..8) image = "ubuntu/xenial64" #image = "centos/7" if Vagrant::Util::Platform.windows? then interfaces = [ "Intel(R) 82583V Gigabit Network Connection", "Intel(R) 82579LM Gigabit Network Connection", ] elsif Vagrant::Util::Platform.darwin? then interfaces = [ "en0: Wi-Fi (AirPort)", "en1: Wi-Fi (AirPort)", ] else interfaces = [ "eth0", "eth1", "wlan0", ] end Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| vboxName1 = "box-101" hostname1 = "box101" config.vm.define "#{vboxName1}" do |front| front.vm.box = "#{image}" #front.vm.network :private_network, ip: "192.168.56.101" front.vm.network :public_network, use_dhcp_assigned_default_route: true, bridge: interfaces front.vm.provider :virtualbox do |v| v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", 512] v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "#{hostname1}#{uniqID}"] end end vboxName2 = "box-102" hostname2 = "box102" config.vm.define "#{vboxName2}" do |front| front.vm.box = "#{image}" #front.vm.network :private_network, ip: "192.168.56.102" front.vm.network :public_network, use_dhcp_assigned_default_route: true, bridge: interfaces front.vm.provider :virtualbox do |v| v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", 512] v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--name", "#{hostname2}#{uniqID}"] end end end用法
啟動兩個虛擬機
$ vagrant up一次啟動一個虛擬機
$ vagrant up box-101 $ vagrant up box-102SSH 到 VM box-101
$ vagrant ssh box-101 Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-130-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com * Management: https://landscape.canonical.com * Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage Get cloud support with Ubuntu Advantage Cloud Guest: http://www.ubuntu.com/business/services/cloud 0 packages can be updated. 0 updates are security updates. /usr/bin/xauth: file /home/vagrant/.Xauthority does not exist vagrant@ubuntu-xenial:~$確認IP地址
vagrant@ubuntu-xenial:~$ ip a l 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 02:97:71:8a:f0:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::97:71ff:fe8a:f0d8/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: enp0s8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:e6:43:ac brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.16.12.208/24 brd 172.16.12.255 scope global enp0s8 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fee6:43ac/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever vagrant@ubuntu-xenial:~$**注意：**您將擁有 2 個介面是預期的行為。Vagrant/Virtualbox 總是設置一個與該介面
enp0s3關聯的類似10.0.2.15/24介面。這是 Vagrant 在通過 SSH 連接到 VM 時使用的 NIC。測試網路連接
通過上述
Vagrantfile和啟動的 2 個 VM（box-101 和 box-102），我們可以驗證 3 個網路連接場景。**注意：**在開始之前，請記下 VM 的 IP 地址。背景
對於框 101 (172.16.12.208)：
$ ip a l enp0s8 3: enp0s8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:e6:43:ac brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.16.12.208/24 brd 172.16.12.255 scope global enp0s8 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fee6:43ac/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever對於框 102 (172.16.12.116)：
$ ip a l enp0s8 3: enp0s8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:df:3b:06 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.16.12.116/24 brd 172.16.12.255 scope global enp0s8 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fedf:3b06/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever場景
場景#1：box-102 → box-101
## On box-101 run: $ nc -l 12345 ## On box-102 run: $ curl -v telnet://172.16.12.208:12345 * Rebuilt URL to: telnet://172.16.12.208:12345/ * Trying 172.16.12.208... * Connected to 172.16.12.208 (172.16.12.208) port 12345 (#0) ^C場景 #2：Virtualbox 主機 → box-101
## On box-101 run: $ nc -l 12345 # On Virtualbox Host $ curl -v telnet://172.16.12.208:12345 * Rebuilt URL to: telnet://172.16.12.208:12345/ * Trying 172.16.12.208... * Connected to 172.16.12.208 (172.16.12.208) port 12345 (#0) ^C場景 #3：遠端伺服器 → box-101
## On box-101 run: $ nc -l 12345 ## In Remote Server $ curl -v telnet://172.16.12.208:12345 * About to connect() to 172.16.12.208 port 12345 (#0) * Trying 172.16.12.208... * Connected to 172.16.12.208 (172.16.12.208) port 12345 (#0) ^C