Virtual-Machine
如何在 KVM 上執行 Android-x86 以獲得更好的 2D 圖形性能?
我通過虛擬機管理器在 QEMU/KVM 中執行 Android-x86。這是我之前使用 VMWare 從 Windows 主機執行的虛擬機。我現在設法在 Linux QEMU/KVM 中執行它,但是 2D 性能非常非常差。
這是虛擬機程式碼(
/etc/libvirt/qemu/generic.xml
):<!-- WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using: virsh edit generic or other application using the libvirt API. --> <domain type='kvm'> <name>generic</name> <uuid>386c966a-0cdf-427d-aa24-7fe71583ab85</uuid> <memory unit='KiB'>2097152</memory> <currentMemory unit='KiB'>2097152</currentMemory> <vcpu placement='static'>4</vcpu> <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-2.9'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <vmport state='off'/> </features> <cpu mode='host-model' check='partial'> <model fallback='allow'/> </cpu> <clock offset='utc'> <timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/> <timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/> <timer name='hpet' present='no'/> </clock> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>destroy</on_crash> <pm> <suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/> <suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/> </pm> <devices> <emulator>/usr/sbin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='vmdk'/> <source file='/vms/android-x86-6.0-rc1.vmdk'/> <target dev='sda' bus='sata'/> <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/> </disk> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x7'/> </controller> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'> <master startport='0'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/> </controller> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'> <master startport='2'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x1'/> </controller> <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'> <master startport='4'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x2'/> </controller> <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'/> <controller type='sata' index='0'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/> </controller> <controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/> </controller> <interface type='direct'> <mac address='52:54:00:06:96:fd'/> <source dev='enp10s0' mode='bridge'/> <model type='rtl8139'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> </interface> <serial type='pty'> <target port='0'/> </serial> <console type='pty'> <target type='serial' port='0'/> </console> <channel type='spicevmc'> <target type='virtio' name='com.redhat.spice.0'/> <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/> </channel> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='spice' autoport='yes'> <listen type='address'/> <gl enable='no' rendernode='/dev/dri/by-path/pci-0000:01:00.0-render'/> </graphics> <sound model='ich6'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </sound> <video> <model type='qxl' ram='131072' vram='131072' vgamem='131072' heads='1' primary='yes'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/> </video> <redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'> <address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/> </redirdev> <redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'> <address type='usb' bus='0' port='2'/> </redirdev> <memballoon model='virtio'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x08' function='0x0'/> </memballoon> </devices> </domain>
我之前嘗試過一張
VMVGA
卡,但在閱讀此處後,我將其更改為QXL
並啟用了 Spice,如程式碼中所示。我還手動分配了 128MB 的虛擬圖形記憶體並重新啟動了主機。儘管如此,2D 圖形還是非常緩慢。除了安裝 VMWare 或購買第二張顯卡外,有什麼解決方案嗎?
$$ Edit $$:我的硬體是 8GB RAM 和 R9 280x GPU(AMD GCN 1.0、1070 Mhz、3GB GDDR5)。此外,由於在 VMWare 下的性能非常好,我確信這是一個軟體問題。我使用 Arch Linux 64 位作為主機和開源 AMDGPU 驅動程序。
當我將 qcow2 磁碟映像移動到 SSD 時,2d 圖形性能得到了顯著提高。
我把它移回硬碟,它又變慢了。也測試了其他 Android-x86 安裝(32 位和 64 位)。確認的。
不知道為什麼。
我沒有足夠的聲譽發表評論,但它的 2021 年和仍然 VMWare 驅動程序是 Windows 和 Linux 上 Android x86(我使用 9.0r2-k49)的最佳選擇。Virtualbox 驅動程序完全是一團糟,QEMU 在 Windows 上的執行就像一個障礙,而在 Linux 上的 virtio-vga 提供了相當的性能,但螢幕撕裂。
我認為 virglvulkan 可能是未來的解決方案