Wifi
在 FreeBSD 12-CURRENT 中無法訪問強制門戶
問題
我正在嘗試使用執行 FreeBSD 12-CURRENT 的機器連接到開放 WiFi。
通常，
wifi-start.sh每當我想連接到 Internet 時，我都會執行（見下文）。它適用於 WPA 網路，但我在使用開放網路時遇到了很多問題。dhclient能夠連接到開放網路並通過/etc/wpa_supplicant.confDHCP 接收 IP 地址。但是後來，我無法訪問強制門戶進行登錄。有時在瀏覽器中打開http://neverssl.com就足夠了，但它並不總是有效。
設置
- /boot/loader.conf:
if_iwm_load="YES" iwm3160fw_load="YES"
- /etc/rc.conf
local_unbound_enable="YES"
- /etc/resolvconf.conf
# This file was generated by local-unbound-setup. # Modifications will be overwritten. resolv_conf="/dev/null" # prevent updating /etc/resolv.conf unbound_conf="/var/unbound/forward.conf" unbound_pid="/var/run/local_unbound.pid" unbound_service="local_unbound" unbound_restart="service local_unbound reload"
- /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf:
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant ctrl_interface_group=wheel network={ ssid="Open Network" key_mgmt=NONE }
- wifi-start.sh:
wlandev="${wlandev:-${1:-wlan0}}" device="${device:-${2:-iwm0}}" if ! ifconfig "$wlandev" 1>&2 2>/dev/null; then sudo ifconfig "$wlandev" create wlandev "$device" else sudo service netif restart fi sudo ifconfig "$wlandev" up sudo wpa_supplicant -B -i "$wlandev" -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf sudo dhclient "$wlandev"我用來配置設備並連接到網路的腳本
細節
設置在 Ubuntu 和 macOS 上是無憂的，所以：
應該不是路由器的問題
應該可以正確配置 FreeBSD。
Wi-Fi 設備是 Intel Corporation Dual Band Wireless-AC 3160，所以我使用的是 iwm(4) 驅動程序。
xconsole 中的錯誤
這是我在執行後在控制台中遇到的一個錯誤
wifi-start.sh——dhclient然後放棄了。我第二次執行腳本時dhclient成功獲得了地址，並且xconsole.但是，它可能與此問題無關。
Ethernet address: 34:e6:ad:16:bf:66 iwm_auth: failed to set multicast iwm_newstate: could not move to auth state: 35 dumping device error log Start Error Log Dump: Status: 0x3, count: 6 0x0000090A | ADVANCED_SYSASSERT 080000B0 | trm_hw_status0 00000000 | trm_hw_status1 00000B30 | branchlink2 000148E0 | interruptlink1 00000000 | interruptlink2 DEADBEEF | data1 DEADBEEF | data2 DEADBEEF | data3 001CA815 | beacon time 002362E3 | tsf low 00000000 | tsf hi 00000000 | time gp1 002362E4 | time gp2 00000000 | uCode revision type 00000011 | uCode version major 000561E2 | uCode version minor 00000164 | hw version 00809004 | board version 0000001C | hcmd 00022002 | isr0 00000000 | isr1 00000002 | isr2 00417C81 | isr3 00000000 | isr4 00004110 | last cmd Id 00000000 | wait_event 00000080 | l2p_control 00450020 | l2p_duration 0000003F | l2p_mhvalid 00000000 | l2p_addr_match 00000007 | lmpm_pmg_sel 15061432 | timestamp 00003038 | flow_handler driver status: tx ring 0: qid=0 cur=1 queued=1 tx ring 1: qid=1 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 2: qid=2 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 3: qid=3 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 4: qid=4 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 5: qid=5 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 6: qid=6 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 7: qid=7 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 8: qid=8 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 9: qid=9 cur=33 queued=1 tx ring 10: qid=10 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 11: qid=11 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 12: qid=12 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 13: qid=13 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 14: qid=14 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 15: qid=15 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 16: qid=16 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 17: qid=17 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 18: qid=18 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 19: qid=19 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 20: qid=20 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 21: qid=21 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 22: qid=22 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 23: qid=23 cur=0 queued=0 tx ring 24: qid=24 cur=0 iwm_newstate: Failed to remove station: 35 iwm_mvm_mac_ctxt_changed: called; uploaded = 0 iwm_newstate: Failed to change mac context: 5 iwm_newstate: Failed to remove channel ctx: 22 iwm_newstate: failed to update power management
ifconfig -v wlan0
這是結果
ifconfig -v wlan0：wlan0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500 ether 34:e6:ad:16:bf:66 hwaddr 34:e6:ad:16:bf:66 inet6 fe80::36e6:adff:fe16:bf66%wlan0 prefixlen 64 tentative scopeid 0x2 inet 10.1.2.41 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 10.1.2.255 nd6 options=29<PERFORMNUD,IFDISABLED,AUTO_LINKLOCAL> media: IEEE 802.11 Wireless Ethernet OFDM/54Mbps mode 11g status: associated ssid "Open Network" channel 11 (2462 MHz 11g) bssid 4e:5e:0c:eb:8e:ad regdomain FCC country US anywhere -ecm authmode OPEN -wps -tsn privacy OFF deftxkey UNDEF powersavemode OFF powersavesleep 100 txpower 30 txpowmax 50.0 -dotd rtsthreshold 2346 fragthreshold 2346 bmiss 10 11a ucast NONE mgmt 6 Mb/s mcast 6 Mb/s maxretry 6 11b ucast NONE mgmt 1 Mb/s mcast 1 Mb/s maxretry 6 11g ucast NONE mgmt 1 Mb/s mcast 1 Mb/s maxretry 6 turboA ucast NONE mgmt 6 Mb/s mcast 6 Mb/s maxretry 6 turboG ucast NONE mgmt 1 Mb/s mcast 1 Mb/s maxretry 6 sturbo ucast NONE mgmt 6 Mb/s mcast 6 Mb/s maxretry 6 11na ucast NONE mgmt 12 MCS mcast 12 MCS maxretry 6 11ng ucast NONE mgmt 2 MCS mcast 2 MCS maxretry 6 half ucast NONE mgmt 3 Mb/s mcast 3 Mb/s maxretry 6 quarter ucast NONE mgmt 1 Mb/s mcast 1 Mb/s maxretry 6 11acg ucast NONE mgmt 1 Mb/s mcast 1 Mb/s maxretry 6 11ac ucast NONE mgmt 6 Mb/s mcast 6 Mb/s maxretry 6 scanvalid 60 -bgscan bgscanintvl 300 bgscanidle 250 roam:11a rssi 7dBm rate 12 Mb/s roam:11b rssi 7dBm rate 1 Mb/s roam:11g rssi 7dBm rate 5 Mb/s roam:turboA rssi 7dBm rate 12 Mb/s roam:turboG rssi 7dBm rate 12 Mb/s roam:sturbo rssi 7dBm rate 12 Mb/s roam:11na rssi 7dBm MCS 1 roam:11ng rssi 7dBm MCS 1 roam:half rssi 7dBm rate 6 Mb/s roam:quarter rssi 7dBm rate 3 Mb/s roam:11acg rssi 7dBm rate 64 Mb/s roam:11ac rssi 7dBm rate 64 Mb/s -pureg protmode CTS -ht -htcompat -ampdu ampdulimit 64k ampdudensity NA -amsdu -shortgi htprotmode RTSCTS -puren -smps -rifs -stbc -ldpc -vht -vht40 -vht80 -vht80p80 -vht160 wme -burst -dwds roaming MANUAL bintval 100 AC_BE cwmin 4 cwmax 10 aifs 3 txopLimit 0 -acm ack cwmin 4 cwmax 10 aifs 3 txopLimit 0 -acm AC_BK cwmin 4 cwmax 10 aifs 7 txopLimit 0 -acm ack cwmin 4 cwmax 10 aifs 7 txopLimit 0 -acm AC_VI cwmin 3 cwmax 4 aifs 2 txopLimit 94 -acm ack cwmin 3 cwmax 4 aifs 2 txopLimit 94 -acm AC_VO cwmin 2 cwmax 3 aifs 2 txopLimit 47 -acm ack cwmin 2 cwmax 3 aifs 2 txopLimit 47 -acm groups: wlan此外，當我執行以下步驟時，我從http://neverssl.com收到了一個有趣的 XML 響應：
- 連接到開放網路（
dhclient成功接收地址）。- 嘗試打開http://neverssl.com。它只是掛起試圖載入。
- 重新連接到其他實際可用的 Wi-Fi。
- 查看http://neverssl.com選項卡並查看以下內容：
此 XML 文件似乎沒有任何與之關聯的樣式資訊。文件樹如下所示。
-<Error> <Code>AccessDenied</Code> <Message>Access Denied</Message> <RequestId>3FD41663CABFE8CD</RequestId> -<HostId> dsczv0lxKSFmBneOVS5nm5Ru5D3Br1bCRCqqj25WZVb1BzKI9McRR+djm9IrmgXHVIk/mdUCvfM= </HostId> </Error>
調整 /etc/resolv.conf
有人建議我應該設置
/etc/resolv.conf然後執行resolvconf -iandresolvconf -l. 結果如下：
- 在 /var/db/dhclient.leases.wlan0 內部：
lease { interface "wlan0"; fixed-address 10.1.236.56; next-server 10.1.236.1; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.255; option routers 10.1.236.1; option domain-name-servers 10.1.236.1,194.204.159.1; option dhcp-lease-time 900; option dhcp-message-type 5; option dhcp-server-identifier 10.1.236.1; renew 5 2017/7/7 16:10:15; rebind 5 2017/7/7 16:15:49; expire 5 2017/7/7 16:17:45; }輸出`dhclient wlan0`：an0: no link .... got link CPREQUEST on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 CPACK from 10.1.236.1 und to 10.1.236.56 -- renewal in 450 seconds.添加`nameserver 10.1.236.1`到`/etc/resolv.conf`似乎沒有改變任何東西。 輸出`resolvconf -i`：an0輸出`resolvconf -l`：resolv.conf from wlan0 meserver 10.1.236.1 meserver 194.204.159.1在任何時候我都無法打開<http://neverssl.com>或<http://gooogle.pl>。我也無法重定向到強制門戶。 結果`ifconfig -v wlan0`：an0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500 her 34:e6:ad:16:bf:66 addr 34:e6:ad:16:bf:66 et6 fe80::36e6:adff:fe16:bf66%wlan0 prefixlen 64 tentative scopeid 0x2 et 10.1.236.56 netmask 0xffffffff broadcast 10.1.236.56 6 options=29<PERFORMNUD,IFDISABLED,AUTO_LINKLOCAL> dia: IEEE 802.11 Wireless Ethernet OFDM/36Mbps mode 11g atus: associated id "Open Hotspot" channel 6 (2437 MHz 11g) bssid 9c:1c:12:0b:10:73 gdomain FCC country US anywhere -ecm authmode OPEN -wps -tsn ivacy OFF deftxkey UNDEF powersavemode OFF powersavesleep 100 power 30 txpowmax 50.0 -dotd rtsthreshold 2346 fragthreshold 2346 iss 10 a ucast NONE mgmt 6 Mb/s mcast 6 Mb/s maxretry 6 b ucast NONE mgmt 1 Mb/s mcast 1 Mb/s maxretry 6 g ucast NONE mgmt 1 Mb/s mcast 1 Mb/s maxretry 6 rboA ucast NONE mgmt 6 Mb/s mcast 6 Mb/s maxretry 6 rboG ucast NONE mgmt 1 Mb/s mcast 1 Mb/s maxretry 6 urbo ucast NONE mgmt 6 Mb/s mcast 6 Mb/s maxretry 6 na ucast NONE mgmt 12 MCS mcast 12 MCS maxretry 6 ng ucast NONE mgmt 2 MCS mcast 2 MCS maxretry 6 lf ucast NONE mgmt 3 Mb/s mcast 3 Mb/s maxretry 6 arter ucast NONE mgmt 1 Mb/s mcast 1 Mb/s maxretry 6 acg ucast NONE mgmt 1 Mb/s mcast 1 Mb/s maxretry 6 ac ucast NONE mgmt 6 Mb/s mcast 6 Mb/s maxretry 6 anvalid 60 -bgscan bgscanintvl 300 bgscanidle 250 am:11a rssi 7dBm rate 12 Mb/s am:11b rssi 7dBm rate 1 Mb/s am:11g rssi 7dBm rate 5 Mb/s am:turboA rssi 7dBm rate 12 Mb/s am:turboG rssi 7dBm rate 12 Mb/s am:sturbo rssi 7dBm rate 12 Mb/s am:11na rssi 7dBm MCS 1 am:11ng rssi 7dBm MCS 1 am:half rssi 7dBm rate 6 Mb/s am:quarter rssi 7dBm rate 3 Mb/s am:11acg rssi 7dBm rate 64 Mb/s am:11ac rssi 7dBm rate 64 Mb/s ureg protmode CTS -ht -htcompat -ampdu ampdulimit 8k pdudensity NA -amsdu -shortgi htprotmode RTSCTS -puren -smps -rifs tbc -ldpc -vht -vht40 -vht80 -vht80p80 -vht160 wme -burst -dwds aming MANUAL bintval 100 _BE cwmin 4 cwmax 10 aifs 3 txopLimit 0 -acm ack min 4 cwmax 10 aifs 3 txopLimit 0 -acm _BK cwmin 4 cwmax 10 aifs 7 txopLimit 0 -acm ack min 4 cwmax 10 aifs 7 txopLimit 0 -acm _VI cwmin 3 cwmax 4 aifs 2 txopLimit 94 -acm ack min 3 cwmax 4 aifs 2 txopLimit 94 -acm _VO cwmin 2 cwmax 3 aifs 2 txopLimit 47 -acm ack min 2 cwmax 3 aifs 2 txopLimit 47 -acm oups: wlan還`echo nameserver 10.1.236.1 | resolvconf -a wlan0`返回： t; t; t; ``` t; cp: /dev/null.bak: Operation not supported t; t; ``` t; t; --- 參考資料和註釋 ------- * /var/db/dhclient.leases.wlan* 文件可能儲存有趣的資訊。 * /etc/resolv.conf 為空。
解釋
問題在於安裝過程中
/etc/resolvconf.conf自動生成的配置。原來是因為設置
local_unbound_enable="YES"，FreeBSD添加了resolv_conf="/dev/null" # prevent updating /etc/resolv.conf到
/etc/resolvconf.conf，這阻止了 的修改/etc/resolv.conf。結果，我的系統似乎總是將 DNS 查詢發送到根之一，而不是熱點提供的 DNS 伺服器。解決方案
resolv_conf="/dev/null"從中刪除/etc/resolvconf.conf。系統會自動退回到
/etc/resolv.conf那時。 2.local_unbound_enable="YES"從中刪除/etc/rc.conf。 3. （可選）執行service local_unbound stop.
建立 wifi 連接後，嘗試在 FireFox 中打開*任何站點。*它將打開強制門戶；Firefox 了解所涉及的協議，並將向您顯示身份驗證頁面。
從那裡開始，在您正確進行身份驗證後，您將可以像往常一樣訪問強制門戶後面的服務。
例如，您必須使用 DHCP 提供的 DNS 伺服器，而不是 8.8.8.8。
它適用於我的 FON 強制門戶。