Zsh
導出 $GREP_OPTIONS 中的多個選項
我將 ZSH 與“OH MY ZSH”一起使用。
在“OH MY ZSH”變數
$GREP_OPTIONS中導出多個值：$ echo $GREP_OPTIONS --color=auto --exclude-dir=.cvs --exclude-dir=.git --exclude-dir=.hg --exclude-dir=.svn但是當我嘗試使用
grep時，我看到了grep.如果我
$GREP_OPTIONS用單個值設置一切正常$ export GREP_OPTIONS='--color=auto' $ ls -l ~/ | grep .zsh drwxr-xr-x 11 petr petr 4096 Sep 10 09:23 .oh-my-zsh drwxr-xr-x 4 petr petr 4096 Sep 24 13:10 .zsh lrwxrwxrwx 1 petr petr 19 Sep 22 12:24 .zshenv -> /home/petr/.zsh/env -rw-r--r-- 1 petr petr 5141 Sep 23 10:31 .zshrc -rw-r--r-- 1 petr petr 17 Sep 24 12:19 .zsh-update我在 Tmux 工作。但在純終端中也會發生。
我的 ZSH 配置在我的 GitHub 上。
更新範例。
設置幾個
grep選項：$ export GREP_OPTIONS='--color=auto --exclude-dir=.git' $ ls -al ~/ | grep zsh Usage: grep [OPTION]... PATTERN [FILE]... Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input. PATTERN is, by default, a basic regular expression (BRE). Example: grep -i 'hello world' menu.h main.c Regexp selection and interpretation: -E, --extended-regexp PATTERN is an extended regular expression (ERE) -F, --fixed-strings PATTERN is a set of newline-separated fixed strings -G, --basic-regexp PATTERN is a basic regular expression (BRE) -P, --perl-regexp PATTERN is a Perl regular expression -e, --regexp=PATTERN use PATTERN for matching -f, --file=FILE obtain PATTERN from FILE -i, --ignore-case ignore case distinctions -w, --word-regexp force PATTERN to match only whole words -x, --line-regexp force PATTERN to match only whole lines -z, --null-data a data line ends in 0 byte, not newline Miscellaneous: -s, --no-messages suppress error messages -v, --invert-match select non-matching lines -V, --version print version information and exit --help display this help and exit --mmap deprecated no-op; evokes a warning Output control: -m, --max-count=NUM stop after NUM matches -b, --byte-offset print the byte offset with output lines -n, --line-number print line number with output lines --line-buffered flush output on every line -H, --with-filename print the file name for each match -h, --no-filename suppress the file name prefix on output --label=LABEL use LABEL as the standard input file name prefix -o, --only-matching show only the part of a line matching PATTERN -q, --quiet, --silent suppress all normal output --binary-files=TYPE assume that binary files are TYPE; TYPE is 'binary', 'text', or 'without-match' -a, --text equivalent to --binary-files=text -I equivalent to --binary-files=without-match -d, --directories=ACTION how to handle directories; ACTION is 'read', 'recurse', or 'skip' -D, --devices=ACTION how to handle devices, FIFOs and sockets; ACTION is 'read' or 'skip' -r, --recursive like --directories=recurse -R, --dereference-recursive likewise, but follow all symlinks --include=FILE_PATTERN search only files that match FILE_PATTERN --exclude=FILE_PATTERN skip files and directories matching FILE_PATTERN --exclude-from=FILE skip files matching any file pattern from FILE --exclude-dir=PATTERN directories that match PATTERN will be skipped. -L, --files-without-match print only names of FILEs containing no match -l, --files-with-matches print only names of FILEs containing matches -c, --count print only a count of matching lines per FILE -T, --initial-tab make tabs line up (if needed) -Z, --null print 0 byte after FILE name Context control: -B, --before-context=NUM print NUM lines of leading context -A, --after-context=NUM print NUM lines of trailing context -C, --context=NUM print NUM lines of output context -NUM same as --context=NUM --color[=WHEN], --colour[=WHEN] use markers to highlight the matching strings; WHEN is 'always', 'never', or 'auto' -U, --binary do not strip CR characters at EOL (MSDOS/Windows) -u, --unix-byte-offsets report offsets as if CRs were not there (MSDOS/Windows) 'egrep' means 'grep -E'. 'fgrep' means 'grep -F'. Direct invocation as either 'egrep' or 'fgrep' is deprecated. When FILE is -, read standard input. With no FILE, read . if a command-line -r is given, - otherwise. If fewer than two FILEs are given, assume -h. Exit status is 0 if any line is selected, 1 otherwise; if any error occurs and -q is not given, the exit status is 2. Report bugs to: bug-grep@gnu.org GNU Grep home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/grep/> General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>設置單個選項：
$ export GREP_OPTIONS='--color=auto' $ ls -al ~/ | grep zsh drwxr-xr-x 11 petr petr 4096 Sep 10 09:23 .oh-my-zsh drwxr-xr-x 4 petr petr 4096 Sep 24 14:25 .zsh lrwxrwxrwx 1 petr petr 19 Sep 22 12:24 .zshenv -> /home/petr/.zsh/env -rw-r--r-- 1 petr petr 5141 Sep 23 10:31 .zshrc -rw-r--r-- 1 petr petr 17 Sep 24 12:19 .zsh-update更新 2
ZSH 版本：
zsh 5.0.2 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)grep 版本：
grep (GNU grep) 2.16如果在命令行中添加選項然後工作正常：
$ unset GREP_OPTIONS $ ls -al ~/ | grep --color=auto --exclude-dir=.git zsh drwxr-xr-x 11 petr petr 4096 Sep 10 09:23 .oh-my-zsh drwxr-xr-x 4 petr petr 4096 Sep 24 15:45 .zsh lrwxrwxrwx 1 petr petr 19 Sep 22 12:24 .zshenv -> /home/petr/.zsh/env lrwxrwxrwx 1 petr petr 18 Sep 24 15:17 .zshrc -> /home/petr/.zsh/rc -rw-r--r-- 1 petr petr 17 Sep 24 12:19 .zsh-update
您已
grep為grep $GREP_OPTIONS. 不要那樣做：GNUgrep命令本身會解析GREP_OPTIONS環境變數。如果您想將選項放在變數中的命令中，請將該變數設為數組，並且不要導出它（無論如何您都不能導出數組，環境變數只有字元串值）。
LS_OPTIONS=(--color=auto -q) alias ls='ls $LS_OPTIONS'如果您有一個帶有字元串值的選項列表（例如，因為它是通過環境傳遞的），您需要拆分它。與使用數組相比，這種方法的缺點是空格將成為選項分隔符，您不能在選項中包含空格。用於
$=VAR將 的值拆分為VAR空格（或更一般地用於 中的字元IFS）的值，就像其他 shell 一樣（zsh 不會使用 擴展萬用字元$=VAR，$~VAR用於擴展萬用字元並$=~VAR同時執行這兩種操作）。PS
GREP_OPTIONS是危險的，因為它適用於可能依賴於它們傳遞給的確切選項集的腳本grep。--color=auto是您可以放在那裡的唯一安全的東西；自 grep 2.21 以來，它甚至已被正式棄用。最好將grep自己設為別名（並且egrep如果fgrep您使用它們）：my_grep_options=(--color=auto --exclude-dir=.cvs --exclude-dir=.git --exclude-dir=.hg --exclude-dir=.svn) alias grep='grep $my_grep_options' egrep='grep -E $my_grep_options' fgrep='grep -F $my_grep_options'